Number 2 could be flushed out a little bit more. Try answering the question as you are watching the video. It might help you to remeber and understand more.
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What is the hashing algorithm called used in Bitcoin?
Bitcoin uses a Secure Hash Algorithm called SHA-256. -
Why is this hashing algorithm really hard (almost impossible) to brute-force?
Due to the enormous amount of possible hash combinations, it would take an impractical amount of time and computational power for a single computer to try all possible combinations.
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Bitcoin uses the SHA 256 algorithm.
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Every block is assigned a specific hashrate to ensure that a maximum number of bitcoin mined is not exceeded.