1. Transparency:
Transparency is important in any process as it provides all users of the process with the same insight and makes cheating harder. An example of this could be a voting system for government and citizens.
Transparency in peer to peer value transaction networks, such as Bitcoin are easy to verify, due to the mathematics behind the network. In more complex transaction networks, for example a supply chain of produce, you need oracles to verify the data being put into the ledger, to keep the transparency.
2. Security:
The benefit with security in blockchain, assuming that it the data validated is on a blockchain with enough nodes is that no one can edit or delete the data, once its been validated. This is critical for transactions of value such as bitcoin, to eliminate âthe double spending problemâ.
3. Improved traceability:
As all transactions that are not false, are added to the distributed ledger and are also timestamped, the realtime audit capability is unbeatable.
Again, it should be stated that this works extremely well when the application is peer to peer value transactions. The more complex the application, the higher the risk of bad/false data input. This risk can be avoided through a solid incentive model and oracles.
4. Increased efficiency and speed:
Through the properties of the distributed network and its overlying security through mathematics and consenus, blockchain can send unique data from A to B without the need for mediaries, due to the inherent trust in the system that the data cannot be changed once it is sent. This gives increase efficiency through less time used to validate, and therefore faster too.
The obvious example here is the traditional financial system vs bitcoin. It takes much longer to transfer any currency through the banking system, due to the amount of mediaries, political obstacles and outdated infrastructure. All these elements that make banks slower than bitcoin also increase the cost of transaction, not to mention that as they have a monopoly on money management, they also take a extra cost and keep the money for interest (another article).
5. Reduced cost:
As stated in previous paragraph, less mediaries in blockchain means less cost. Time to complete transactions are often shortened too, increasing the effect of reduced cost.