Reading Assignment: Accessibility and HTML

Javascript Course 2021
#223

  1. Making is usable for as many people as possible.

  2. Screen reader technologie

  3. Helps the screen readers and makes it easier to navigate.

  4. < div >

  5. specifies the tab order of the elements

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#224

1.The website visitor has different possibilities to view and use the website. E.g. with the mouse, keyboard or even with the touch screen. It also offers the possibility for people who are physically limited to understand the website.
2.They get an alternative text for pictures for example and it is read out to them with certain tools.
3. It is easier to understand the code. the file size is lighter for mobile and it is easier to ditect keywords for SEO.
4. Use headings, paragrapsh, lists etc.
5. Tabindex indicates whether its element can be focused and at which position it is involved in sequential keyboard navigation

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#225
  1. Accessibility in HTML refers to the ability of visually impaired viewers to gain access to the content on an HTML webpage.
  2. The visually impaired can interpret website content by using a “Screen Reader”.
  3. Semantic HTML provides content structure that is easily readable and manipulated by screen readers on behalf of the webiste user.
  4. Don’t ever use dashes if you can avoid it. Avoid using abbreviations and use the full spelling of words at least once before use of acronyms.
  5. A tab index is an attribute that indicates that an element can be focused on. It makes it easier for the user to navigate from one “focused” content to another using the “tab” key.
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#226

  1. What is accessibility?
    Any user can use a webpages features and content, regardless of how the user accesses the web, especially users with physical or mental impairments.

  2. How do people interpret websites without vision?
    Screen readers and voice assistants.

  3. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?
    Its better for mobile, good for SEO, and makes the website easier to navigate when using assistants for screen reading.

  4. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.
    Presentational HTML and line breaks. Using dashes instead of the word “to”. Abbreviations and acronyms.

  5. What is a tab index?
    Allows tabbable elements to have a custom tab order (specified in positive numerical order), instead of just being tabbed through in their default source order.

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#227
  1. Accessibility is the practice of making your websites usable by as many people as possible
  2. Through screen readers
  3. Proper semantic HTML makes easier to understand the code, better on mobile version and more useful for SEO.
  4. We avoid using HTML tables, marked up buttons using div, unclear language etc.
    5.The tabindex attribute specifies the tab order in which one uses the tab button for navigation.
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#228

Accessibility is the consideration of making websites and apps accessible to everyone, giving them the same opportunities although normally thought to be for people with disabilities such as being visually impaired only, the practice actually benefits everyone including those with low bandwidth or old devices.

People without vision interpret websites with assistance from ATs (Assistive Technologies).

"…Many people with visual impairments use screen magnifiers that are either physical magnifiers or software zoom capabilities. Most browsers and operating systems these days have zoom capabilities. Some users will rely on screen readers, which is software that reads digital text aloud. Some screen reader examples include:

  • Paid commercial products, like [JAWS] [Dolphin Screen Reader]
  • Free products, like [NVDA], [ChromeVox.]
  • Software built into the operating system, like [VoiceOver] [Narrator], and [TalkBack]

Semantic HTML help make websites accessible by being well organised and structured following standards and best practices and avoiding those that have been deprecated.

A few practices to avoid when writing html are things like spaces on file names, tables and use div and css instead

The tabindex is an attribute used to specify the tab order of an element when navigating with the keyboard it can be confusing when for example filling out a form and jumps around in an illogical order.

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#229
  1. What is accessibility?
    The website is accessible to all users regardless of how they access the page. Keyboard and mouse, touch screen, mobile phones, screen readers and voice assistants are the different ways people can access a webpage.
  2. How do people interpret websites without vision?
    They can use screen readers
  3. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?
    Because Semantics have a specific function, this allows screen readers to logically read through a page and have it make sense. It also allows for easy of use when navigating using keyboards.
  4. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.
    Use the correct tag’s when entering, avoid the Div tag where possible.
  5. What is a tab index?
    This lets you add/reorder clickable elements using the keyboard
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#230
  1. What is accessibility?

Accessibility is the practice of making your website usable to as many people as possible.

  1. How do people interpret websites without vision?

With the aid of screen reading technology.

  1. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?

Semantic HTML helps make websites more accessible thanks to the order it gives to the content, so any user can find it clear and easy to navigate through the site.

  1. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.

Don’t use abbreviations, dashes, or acronyms.

  1. What is a tab index?

It gives clear direction for the navigation of information to another website or element.

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#231
  1. What is accessibility?
    How well are people with various disabilities able to interact with your website. Give everyone a fair chance to access everything on your webpage.
  2. How do people interpret websites without vision?
    One way is to use a screen reader program that reads everything on the webpage Aloud and reads the alternate text for images.

never include text content inside an image — screen readers can’t access it.

  1. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?
    one way is it will let screen readers advance at the users own pace and give them a handy table of contents in a lot of cases.

Overall it allows webbrowsers to organize/Identify differant parts of the webpage more specifically and accurately allowing programs to have more functionality and accuracy when assessing the webpage.
4. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.

  • Using < Div> for buttons.

  • Using < br> to seperate lists and changing font size to represent headers instead of using POSH markup will have the webpage view everything as 1 big block and screen readers will read it all in one go

  • Dont use dashes if you can avoid it, 5-7 could be 5 to 7

  • Dont use unnecessary jargon or slang terms

  • expand acronyms for the first and second instance

  • Expand abbreviations : Jan = January

  • Dont use tables

  1. What is a tab index?

Tab index is used to add a custom order for focus to cycle through when the tab key is pressed.
It is reccomended that you never use this unless you absoloutley have too.
The most useful Usecase for tabindex is to use tabindex=“0” to make an element that is not normally tabbable able to be focused using the tab key

tabindex="-1" allows elements that are not normally tabbable to be focused “programmaticly” which i’m not sure exactly what this means… if anyone can explain to me that would be awesome :slight_smile:

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#232

  1. What is accessibility?
    It’s the fact to make your website usable by the most pepoles as possible, to make everybody able to acess your page.

  2. How do people interpret websites without vision?
    Some tools exist to read text alternatives.

  3. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?
    It make the site more user friendly and more functionnal.

  4. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.
    Using unclear language, slang, abreviations, acronyms.

  5. What is a tab index?
    Allow tabbable elements to have a custom tab order.

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#233
  1. What is accessibility?
  • accessibility allows your website to be easily understood by any kind of users or readers with visual/ hearing impairment.
  1. How do people interpret websites without vision?
  • by using screen reader
  1. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?
  • by ‘labeling’ them for their intended purpose so users/ screen readers can approach it in logical manner. It gives meaning & structure to the content.
  1. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.
  • not using semantics, not using clear language, using acronyms without explanation
  1. What is a tab index?
  • tab index specifies the order of an element when tab button is used for navigating. if we only use div element, then we can’t use tab to navigate.
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#234

1. What is Accessibility?
Accessibility is means using the correct HTML elements for their intended purpose by structuring semantic HTML and using best practice methodology.

2. How do people interpret websites without vision?
People interpret websites without vision by use of screen readers, keyboard commands, and other non visual methods of accessing website content. By keeping best practice methodology and structuring semantic HTML, the code allows more accessibility to functionality and meaning of web pages to convey information to their users

3. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?
Semantic HTML helps websites accessible by using element specific tags to allow the semantic structure for machine readability.

4. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML?
Some practices to avoid when writing HTML include:

  • Placing Block Elements Inside Inline Elements.
  • Not Including an ALT Attribute on Images.
  • Not Using Lists When Necessary.
  • Using <b> and <i> for Bolding and Italicizing.
  • Using Too Many Line Breaks, if any <br>

5. What is a tab index?
Tabindex is a global attribute that allows an HTML element to receive focus. It needs a value of zero or a negative number in order to work in an accessible way. When tabindex 's value is set to zero or a positive number, the element can be navigated to via the keyboard’s Tab key.

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#235
  1. Accessibility is enabling your website to be user friendly with as my type of people as possible.
  2. Through sound from screen readers.
  3. It helps to make HTML more accessible to users due to the order that it gives the content making it easier to find in a more clear and precise way in the navigations on the website.
  4. Some practices that can be avoided when writing HTML is to not use
    as much as possible and have a , and to make your work more professional to those you present your work too.
  5. a Tab index is an attribute that allows elements to receive focus on it.
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#236
  1. accessibility is the practice of making something suitable to be used by as many people as possible
  2. they use programs called screen readers
  3. a good html semantic gives the reader software some info on how to read it properly and how the content is organised so it can be delivered and navigated properly
  4. practices to be avoided are: using unclear tags, acronims, abbreviations, symbols, line breaks and using html tables for the website layout
  5. tabindex is a global attribute that allows an html element to receive focus, basically you draw attention to the important elements that are displayed and give readers an idea on what to skip and what to read
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#237

1.) Accessibility is the practice of making your websites usable by as many people as possible.
2.) People use screen magnifiers and screen readers to help interpret websites.
3.) Sematic HTML makes webpages more structured and information more accessible for users who use it.
4.) Wrapping wrong tag elements, dashes, abbreviations and not adding contextual links along with large tables of content with too much information.
5.) A global attribute that allows an HTML element to receive focus** . It needs a value of zero or a negative number in order to work in an accessible way.

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#238
  1. What is accessibility?

The practice of formatting HTML in such a way that persons with physical disabilities are able to easily navigate and digest the content in a comprehensible manner.

  1. How do people interpret websites without vision?

Screen readers.

  1. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?

Using proper HTML tags allows screen readers to make the content more comprehensible.

  1. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.

Not using correct tags. For example, using

instead of

where appropriate.

  1. What is a tab index?

Allows for navigation with tab key

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#239
  1. What is accessibility?

It is a way to create HTML code with good semantics.

  1. How do people interpret websites without vision?

With screen readers.

  1. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?

When creating a website, it is important to pay attention to accessibility so that the search engines can interpret the content correctly, the smart readers can translate the texts correctly for disabled people and in order not to create a spaghetti code.

  1. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.
  • avoid non-semantic spaghetti code like
  • avoid dashes
  • avoid acronyms
  • avoid abbreviations
  • avoid unlabeled links
  • avoid table layouts
  1. What is a tab index?

The tabindex attribute makes it possible to make an element tabbable without the attribute button.

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#240
  1. What is accessibility?

Making content accessible for all users (including those with disabilities)

  1. How do people interpret websites without vision?

Screen readers

  1. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?

Helps screen readers make content more understandable for users with impairments

  1. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.
  • Don’t use dashes if you can avoid it. Instead of writing 5–7, write 5 to 7.
  • Expand abbreviations — instead of writing Jan, write January.
  • Expand acronyms, at least once or twice. Instead of writing HTML in the first instance, write Hypertext Markup Language.
  1. What is a tab index?

Basically, the tabindex attribute is primarily intended to allow tabbable elements to have a custom tab order (specified in positive numerical order), instead of just being tabbed through in their default source order.

There are two other options for tabindex :

  • tabindex="0" — as indicated above, this value allows elements that are not normally tabbable to become tabbable. This is the most useful value of tabindex .
  • tabindex="-1" — this allows not normally tabbable elements to receive focus programmatically, e.g., via JavaScript, or as the target of links.
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#241
  1. Accessibility is an effort to create a website and its behavior at which it content is then equally accessible and clear to everyone as much as possible. It is kind of implemented in the “browser engines”, but must be then reached and enhanced by developer, so it depends on developers practice and skills.
  2. With different web browser interpreting tools (screen readers, voice-over assistants, …)
  3. Using good web developing practice by using semantic HTML, makes browsers and search engines to function more accurate, predictable and clearly, which makes websites more accessible to everyone. Plus code is usually “lighter” in this manner, which makes web browsing faster.
  4. In writing a HTML, we should avoid: using tables, dashes, abbreviations, bad / vague descriptions, etc.
  5. Tabindex is a global attribute which indicates that its element can be focused.
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#242

  1. Making websites as accessible as possible for all people.

  2. By using screen readers.

  3. Screen readers and similar services can interpret the text better.

  4. Using breaks to distinguish between headers, paragraphs, etc.
    Using dashes, abbreviations or other symbols that make it harder for screen readers to read text.
    Using

    .

  5. by using the right elements you can navigate through a web page using the tab key.

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