I understand technically given the explanations, but still curious as to Why a decision would be made (examples) to fork, by Whom, except to make a new alt-coin? I dunno…so what were the business reasons, did they go well, or was it just politics, etc-etc. Some real-world stuff instead of only technical would help cement all this pls…
For soft forks Segwit is the best example, you have learned about it in the course.
Hard forks are a bit more tricky, on Bitcoin most of them are used to create new coins. A better example of a hard fork usage is on Monero that has constant hard forks because its a method of changing the hashing algo to keep the coin ASIC resistant. 