Homework on Stale Blocks

Blockchain and Bitcoin 101
#4736

The block splits into two. It then depends on which block connects with other blocks fastest and then the one with the smallest chain is orphaned.
When a block is put back to the mempool because it is no longer part of the blockchain
When two miners confirm the blocks without the nodes knowing that this has already happened on another part of the network.
You want to wait for 6 confirmations before you can be sure this has been put onto the blockchain

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#4737
  1. It comes to showing two version of the truth on the blockchain which eventualy be resolved by majority of the network accept one version of the blockchain and the other orphaned block will be drop and send the transactions back to the mempool.
  2. Stale block is block that was droped from the network and send back to the mempool
  3. Stale block occures when 2 blocks are mine at the same time but only one has been accepted by the network while other block (stale block) has been sent back to the mempool.
  4. Recomended waiting period of six blocks confirmed is for the purpose of avoiding situations where you will end up with stale block.
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#4738

A1. Two paths will be formed.
A2. Blocks that are drop from the shorter chain.
A3. When are the two path and later due to subsequent blocks getting mined one path becomes the longest chain, the blocks from the shorter chain gets staled.
A4. To identify the longest chain and to let the stale blocks get dropped.

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#4739

  • What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?- If the block is not solved in the 10minute time range the block will drop, and be placed in the mempool

  • What is a stale block? its a valid block that has been dropped

  • How do stale blocks occur? when the block is dropped or invalid not confirmed it will be considered a stale block

  • Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction? it is best to wait for 6 blocks to be fully confirmed that your block has been accepted and appended

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#4740
  1. The chain with the next block added will remain as the continuation of the block chain as it is technically longer and difficult than the competing chain.
  2. A stale block is a dropped block from the chain
  3. A stale block occurs when 2 blocks are competing to be added to the chain. The losing chain gets dropped from the confirmed continued blockchain. These then become known as stale or orphaned blocks.
  4. It is important to wait for more than a one block confirmation, this is to ensure that the block produced does not become stale there for creating failed transactions. If this was to occur the failed transactions are returned to the mempool
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#4741

1 when two miners solve a block at the same time there are temporary two different version of truth.
the chain is splitted into two valid state but only one will be accepted as the right one as soon as a new block is added to one of the two blocks.

2 a stale block is a perfectly fine blocks that is discarded from the chain because another perfectly fine block entered the longest chain before him

3 stale blocks occur when two different blocks are mined at the same time, one will survive as the right path and the longest chain and the other one will be discarded (stale block)

4 it is important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed after a tx to verify that our transaction is not stuck in a stale block

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#4742

  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
    2 chains emerge, The block that was received by more nodes first will be put into the blockchain first, then again the block received by the nodes first will be added to the BC, the network will only continue with the longest chain.

  2. What is a stale block?
    A block that was mined but was too slow to reach the nodes and ended up on the shorter chain which the network will not choose to add to the blockchain.

  3. How do stale blocks occur?
    When 2 blocks are mined at the same time but one did not reach the nodes fast enough

  4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
    Because your tx could be in a stale block that could be dropped from the BC and returning to the mempool

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#4743
  1. Each block will start propagating through the network, and other miners will start adding additional blocks. Nodes & miners will accept the longest block, so eventually one of the blocks will be accepted and the other dropped.
  2. A stale block is one that has been dropped from the blockchain.
  3. See first answer. Two competing blocks cannot both be added, and one will be dropped.
  4. To ensure that your transaction was not part of a stale block.
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#4744
  • What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?

There will be two versions of the truthful BC circulating within the network.

  • What is a stale block?

A stale block was one in the BC, it got dropped because there was another longer version of the BC that got accepted by the network.

  • How do stale blocks occur?

Stale blocks occur when the network accepts a longer version of the BC. They get dropped by the network.

  • Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?

It is important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction because your block could be dropped. If the miner does not wait and their block is dropped, they could waste the electricity and therefore profits spent mining.

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#4745
  1. Those two blocks will coexist and both will be propagated across the network. But only one of them will survive and the other will be dropped from the block chain.
  1. A stale block is a block that once was valid in the block chain, but then has been dropped out as the network has accepted a longer version of the block chain.
  1. Stale blocks occur, when miners continue to build their blocks on another version of the block chain, where the stale block is not included.
  1. Because it could be the case, that at the same time other blocks have been created and your block will turn out as a stale block, because it was not propagated fast enough. Rule of thumb says that one should wait for 6 more blocks in order for confirmation.
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#4746

  1. The longer blockchain wins (the one with more proof of work).

  2. A block moved to the mempool because it is the shortest blockchain

  3. They occur when two miners create a block simultaneously.

  4. It is important because once a chain is decided, the transactions of the other chain are returned to the mempool.

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#4747
  1. both chains move forward until one is longer. the longer one wins.
  2. stale or orphan blocks are blocks dropped from the blockchain
  3. the competing blockchain becomes longer and then makes the other chain stale.
  4. the longer the wait and the longer the blocks, the more change that it is the valid blockchain
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#4748

  1. The block splits into two chains. The block in the longest chain will be confirmed and added to the chain. The other block will be dropped and become a stale/orphaned block and the transactions will be returned to the mempool.

  2. A valid block that gets dropped is called the stale/orphaned block.

  3. Stale blocks occur when two minors have added a block at the same time and are waiting for the network to receive and confirm their block. A different block added around the same time gets validated first because more nodes had access to it faster or another block got added at the end of their chain making it longer resulting in it getting validated before the other block in the fork.

  4. To ensure the block that your transaction is in gets accepted onto the chain. Waiting for six blocks ensures that the block you’re transaction was in was successful instead of becoming a stale or orphan block and returned to the mempool.

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#4749

  1. Both of the blocks will be propagated throughout the nodes until one of them is eventually dropped, the longest version will be added to the blockchain.

  2. A stale block is a block that gets dropped from the chain because another block with longer history replaced it.

  3. Two versions of the chain are being added at the same time, eventually the correct version will be decided amongst nodes and this will cause the stale block to be sent back to mempool.

  4. To make sure that your transaction has not been sent back to mempool because it was part of a stale block, best practice is to wait for 6 blocks to confirm.

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#4750

Homework on Stale Blocks
1.What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
When two miners solve a block at the same time, two blocks are added in the blockchain at the same block height creating a fork. Ultimately, when the blocks are propagated only one chain continues further which has the next 6 blocks verified first. The other blocks not verified become “stale or orphaned blocks”.

2. What is a stale block?
When miners solve a block at the same time several versions of truth coexist in a blockchain. The blocks which are rejected because no further blocks are mined after that are called stale blocks.

3. How do stale blocks occur?
When two miners solve a block at the same time, two blocks are added in the blockchain at the same block height creating a fork. This is how stale blocks are formed.

4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
It is important to wait for 6 confirmations to make sure the block is not a stale block and to keep the next block time to 10 minutes.

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#4751

The longest will win
The loser of question 1
When two miners solve a blockchain at the same time and the loser loses
To prevent assuming a stale block.

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#4752

1). Two miners solve the puzzle at the same time, will result in a race to see which block will be appended to the chain. The two miners broadcast their new block to the network and those nodes that are closer to that miner will pick up their block first. So different nodes have different versions of the blockchain. Both versions are correctly mined, but the network will have to find consensus around which version is correct. This is achieved by having the nodes always consider the longest chain. In conclusion the network will have to wait and see which chain wins by creating the longest chain.
2). What is a stale block? This is a block the was dropped out of the blockchain because another miner got to the blockchain first.
3). How does stale blocks occur? Different miners produce different blocks at the same time and the different blocks will be propagated throughout the network. With the network, different nodes pick up different blocks and now the blockchain looks different depending on which nodes you are looking at. Nodes will eventually pick up the longest chain on the network. The block the that was not pickup and dropped from the chain becomes stale.
4). Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending and receiving transactions? The more blocks that are confirmed after the miners’ block, the more chances that block will be appended the chain, or the block becoming stale. Network will always choose the longest chain. It is recommended that you wait for 6 confirmations (blocks) to consider your transaction to be safe by the network.

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#4753

  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
    A split in the blockchain occurs when two miners solve a block at the same time.

  2. What is a stale block?
    A stale block or orphaned block is a block that gets dropped from the split of a blockchain.

  3. How do stale blocks occur?
    Stale blocks occur as the result of a majority of nodes confirming the existence of the longer of two blockchains
    that have occured from a split.

  4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
    Waiting for more blocks, about 6, minimizes the amount of orphaned blocks.

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#4754

  1. There are two versions of the truth, both blocks being valid, a split. Nodes add the new block from the miner closest to them.

  2. A stale block is a block that has been removed from the blockchain, otherwise known as an Orphan block.

  3. It occurs when the split chain has a shorter chain to it’s competitor, and thus is removed.

  4. Because that block could turn out stale by a competing chain. A rule of thumb is by the 6th block after, it is confirmed.

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#4755

1 A split, both are valid

2 A removed block

3 The losing chain

4 Not confirmed till 6 blocks after

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