Homework on Provenance - Questions

  1. Blockchain enables provenance by being able to to verify transactions and sources. It creates a trustless system where things can be tracked.

  2. A normal data base doesn’t bring the same provenance because data can removed and manipulated. They are controlled by a centralized entity which can manipulate data because they have the ability to add and remove it.

  3. Digital provenance is a great benefit to many business because it will create a trustless, concrete, trackable, and verifiable source of information. None of which can be altered or removed.

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  1. Blockchain enables digital provenance by recording all transactions by a chain of decentralised computers that allow transparent access to this trust-less information anytime anywhere.

  2. A normal database is centralised and therefore relies on trust. The information can be manipulated by the central entity.

  3. While Digital Provenance will reduce costs and help streamline tracking of products, it will also give the business a considerable advantage over competitors who don’t employ this technology. Transparency and real time data for customers.

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  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?

Since blockchain is an immutable ledger of transactions, all transactions are recorded and can easily be traced back and audited. Having all transactions recorded, we can easily keep track of our target’s state across its entire life cycle. We don’t need to TRUST the data being provided, but rather we can VERIFY.

  1. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?

In a normal database, everything is centralized and we are at the mercy of a central entity on how it manages the data. In blockchain, we can only add data and we can not remove. In a normal database, we have the ability to perform updates and more importantly data removal. With a normal database, we have to TRUST that the managing entity doesn’t UPDATE or DELETE or ALTER data. We have to put a lot of trust on these entities to be able to effectively track/audit data accross its various lifecycles.

  1. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?

Digital provenance is very important since it promotes TRUSTLESSNESS were in we can VERIFY instead of TRUSTing another entity. Authenticity and Integrity of data is guaranteed because blockchain relies on MATH and not on a central entity.

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  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?

By combining the accounting layer together with the transaction layer.
Enable real-time auditing that is open, public and accessible.

  1. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?

A normal database would be less secure and would need to be trustful

  1. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?

Brings out trust and efficiency to the processes. Enables open and public tracking which is trustless.

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  1. Blockchain enables digital providence by operating an open source permission-less and trust-less system where new blocks of information or transactions are verified by the entire network before being added to an immutable ledger. This ensures that new information or transactions on the blockchain can be traced to their origins as this ledger is immutable and stored in a decentralized fashion across many points on the blockchain network. This enables us to also trace or track the origins of different things in the world today if these information are put on the blockchain as origintrail aims to do.

  2. A normal database cannot provide this level of provenance as it is mutable and not verified by a decentralized network or verifiers as the blockchain is.

  3. Digital provenance can infact have many applications to business in terms of tracking the sources or origins of their raw materials, real time audits, real time supply chain analysis, real time voting/corporate governance, etc.

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Homework on Provenance

  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
    Since a blockchain is public ledger, everyone can verify any previous ownerships and/or transaction that ever happened on it.

  2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
    Most databases aren’t public, nor are they decentralized. This in turn means we have to have trust in a centralized authority.

  3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
    They can be trustless, the ability to verify themselves instead of trusting other parties saves money.

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  1. Blockchain is a permissionless open distributed ledger, which storages each transaction information. This data can only be added and not remover or edited, thus creating an immutability. Digital provenace consists in the history of ownership of a valued object, or in this context the condition of traceability of the transactions. Therefore, blockchain by keeping the records permanent enables digital provenance.

  2. A normal database allows the users to add, remove and edit information if no restrictions are applied. Therefore, the history of certain a transaction can be altered braeaking the condition of immutability of all data. For this reason a normal database cannot guarentee the veracity of the records, and the same provenance a blockchain brings.

  3. Digital provenance provides business users the possbility to audit their transactions in real time. This creates confidence in all stackholders that the information is accurate and is being correctly managed.

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  1. as blockchain is a public legder so it makes easy for everyone to track transactions for example tracking ingredients being used in food items as u just told.
    2.normal database is opaque and not transparent.so one cannot verify anything and has to trust organisations.example- in case of food manufatureres ,one cannot know the ingredients they are claiming to add are actually added or not.
    3.digital provenance is of great benefit as it is completely transparent and no one needs to base his or her actions on the bases of trust;instead he or she can verify
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  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
  • Digital transactions on a public ledger means that the database is distributed and open. Any node operator has access to the full ledger of transactions. |
  1. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
  • A normal database is typically controlled by a centralized entity e.g. a Data service provider. Whereby connection to the database is accessed through the entity, and the information is thus curated and limited for your situation.
  1. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?|
  • Digital provenance makes it possible to not only track and trace all interactions and transactions on the public ledger at all times (real-time auditing), but as well gives certainty of information validity, as well as identity to participants (public key). |
  • Accounting and transactional layer will become interconnected, thus giving real-time auditing. This means that auditing software systems can be built upon the blockchain transactional layer.|
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  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
    The blockchain is a decentralized publically available ledger of immutable data that is verified by a network of validators/miners. The data is tamper proof and cannot be changed, and it is possible for each network participant to validate the correctness of this data.
    Therefore trust is not needed since it is possible for anyone to verify any transaction.

  2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
    A regular database is usually centrally controlled by one actor and the data can be manipulated so therefore it cannot be guaranteed to be correct.
    Furthermore a centrally controlled database could be destroyed, lost or hacked, where the chance for this to happen to a blockchain is greatly reduced.

  3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
    It allows for automated, real-time accounting. Companies could cut down on the costs spent on accounting and make running a business more efficient.

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  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
    Blockchain is a digital ledger, where data can be added but not removed. And it’s decentralized So everybody can trace all the database.
  2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
    In a normal database (centralized) you can remove information. So everybody dependes on trust.
  3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
    Because digital provenance brings trustless verifications, is decentralized,so in a business relation is a plus when you can track and trace information in real time, 100% accurate.
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  1. It is a public ledger that tracks all transactions that can never be altered.
  2. Normal databases can be changed, manipulated, or not even recorded.
    3.It tracks every transaction so you know exactly what your getting. Everything is verified.
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  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
    By recording every transaction on a database that does not allow deletion, duplication or amendment or removal of a transaction
  2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
    Normal databases allow transactions to be removed, deleted, amended or duplicated
  3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
    It obviates the need to TRUST and replaces it with VERIFY
    DON’T TRUST… VERIFY
    [/quote]
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Blockchain enables digital provenance by being decentralized and public. Information can also not be removed; only added. This keeps information from being altered by a centralized entity like a bank or business.

A normal database does not being the same provenance because it is typically centralized. This leaves it open to manipulation by the entity in possession of it or to hackers.

Digital provenance is a great benefit because it removes the need for trust in a company and adds the ability for customers to verify the information for themselves. It also allows audits to be done digitally rather than manually which cuts costs and increases efficiency.

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  1. Block chain enables digital provenance because of it’s transparency. Every transaction ever used with bitcoin is put on bitcoin’s blockchain network.

  2. A normal database doesn’t bring the same provenance because records can be edited and deleted. It is impossible to edit and delete transactions on the blockchain

3.Digital provenance is a great benefit for many businesses because it keeps track of everything they need with less work.

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  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
    Blockchain has a public ledger of data that cannot be changed and is permanent.
  2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
    A normal database can be altered and corrupted and is often is private.
  3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
    Digital provenance is such a great benefit to many businesses because it removes the need for customers and businesses to have to trust each other or trust if the information is valid or not because of the immutable public ledger that blockchain has to offer.
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  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
    Blockchain enable digital provenance by means of been a public ledger (decentralized) whereby each block or transaction can only be added and not changed (immutable). The information includes tracebility and verifiability as each block in the chain can be verified with other blocks in the chain. This feature of a digital provenance implies that each transaction or block is auditable in real time because of the layer of verification within each transaction itself. When the information can be verifiable and immutable this does not need a third party to provide trust to it hence the term trustless public ledger for a blockchain.

  2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
    With a normal database, the information is owned and access is governed by a centralized authority therefore not accessible publicly.
    Each transaction within the database does not have public means of verification nor is it subject to been immutable.or been (unchanged).
    It requires a third party to audit the transactions within the database to provide trust to it.

  3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
    It provides verifiability by allowing others independently to verify information. The verification would involve decryption process which can be done in real time. This means tracebility in every industries at every stage of supply and allow tracking origins, status, location of physical products.
    This has benefits across industries in many businesses such as supply chains
    For example
    Food industry such as tracebility of ingredients, tracebility of animal products
    Clothing Industry - tracebility of clothing materials
    Health care - tracebility of medical supplies.

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  1. A ledger secures the provenance of the blockchain, since data can only be added (not changed or removed). This ledger is public, so every person with a wifi connection can download the transaction history and verify transactions in real time.

  2. A normal database is centralised, which gives a person or an organisation the power to manipulate or change the contained data. Furthermore it is more secure to hacking, because every node has the complete transaction history.

  3. Since you do not have to trust any centralised organisation, because you can verify a transaction yourself, a blockchain benefits to a persons or organisations credibility.

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  1. It’s a public ledger so everyone can have insight at everytime everywhere
  2. Normal databases rely on trust. There is no real time auditing possible in those databases
  3. Everyone is capable of tracking transactions and see their origin. Every business is able to show where there food/clothes etc. is coming from
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  1. Blockchain acts as a digital stone that is verified periodically by many actors that are incentivized to keep the network honest.

  2. Normal databases rely on trust between all actors with no incentive to keep the network honest.

  3. Not requiring trust from suppliers and enabling trust between businesses and their customers in an era where profit is king.

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