Homework on EVM

Ethereum 101
#101

  1. What does the EVM do?
    EVM is software that contains and executes smart contracts.

  2. What is the format of the instructions that the EVM can read?
    Byte code, which the programming languages compile to.

  3. What is the relationship between the programming language Solidity and Bytecode?
    Solidity is an object orientated programming language for programming smart contracts. Solidity content is compiled to byte code to be executed by EVM. Solidarity is human readable, bytecodes are numeric codes and references.

  4. Why can’t Bitcoin run the same type of complex programs like Ethereum can?
    As digital gold, it is not necessary for BTC to complete complex operations like Ethereum does.

  5. What is a Turing Complete programming language?
    A programming language that is theoretically capable of expressing all tasks accomplishable by a computer.

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#102
  1. EVM takes and converts programming instructions to each node CPU.
  2. EVM can read instructions in Bytecode.
  3. Solidity is a programming language that programmers are using to write smart contracts. Code written in solidity is complied by compiler into Bytecode.
  4. Bitcoin cant run the same type of complex programs like Ethereum can because it doesnt have EVM.
    5.Turing Complete programming language is a language that does not have programming restrictions, what means that anything can be programmed by usuing this language. Solidity is a TC programming language, Bitcoin Script is not.
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#103
  1. What does the EVM do?

It is a piece of code or application that all the computers on the Ethereum network are running.

  1. What is the format of the instructions that the EVM can read?

EVM Bytecode.

  1. What is the relationship between the programming language Solidity and Bytecode?

Everyone can code a smart contract with some instruction for the EVM using Solidity; then a compiler will translated into Bytecode in order to let the EVM understand those instructions.

  1. Why can’t Bitcoin run the same type of complex programs like Ethereum can?

Because the Script language in Bitcoin is not Turing Complete.

  1. What is a Turing Complete programming language?

It is a language that allows you to build anything that you can imagine.

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#104
  1. The Ethereum Virtual Machine is an application running on all nodes. It reads smart contracts in Bytecode and executes this code.
  2. Bytecode.
  3. Solidity is a high level language, similar to Javascript, that allows Turing complete code. It is compiled into Bytecode using a compiler, and the Bytecode then runs, through the EVM, on the CPU of a node.
  4. Bitcoin’s programming language, Script, is not Turing complete.
  5. A Turing complete programming language is a programming language does not have any programming restrictions. Turing complete allows you to program anything you can imagine!
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#105
  1. What does the EVM do?
    Allows to execute code on the network in a way that we have a concensus about what he results should be.
  2. What is the format of the instructions that the EVM can read?
    Reads bytecode.
  3. What is the relationship between the programming language Solidity and Bytecode?
    ETH smart contracts are created in solidarity and then the compiler turns it into bytecode.
  4. Why can’t Bitcoin run the same type of complex programs like Ethereum can?
    The Script language is not turning complete.
  5. What is a Turing Complete programming language?
    A computer language which allows smart contracts.
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#106

1- ethereum virtual machine. Its on every node and it runs the smart contracts
2- byte code
3- solidity is the language, then its compiled into bytecode so it can be read by evm
4- bitcoin uses Script, which is not a turing complete
5- a language able to perform more complex programming

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#107
  1. EVM (Ethereum virtual machine) is the responsible for runing the smart contracts.
  2. EVM reads byte code.
  3. Solidity is the language used to program which will be compiled in bytecode and read by EVM.
  4. Because Bitcoin script is not turing complete.
  5. A Turing complete programming language is a language that allows to do everything, in theory.
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#108
  1. What does the EVM do?

EVM - an application which makes it possible for us to execute code on the network, to enable consensus about what the result should be.

EVM instructs the CPU to execute code. It is the arbitrator between a smart contract and CPUs of all nodes on network. All nodes are running EVM application, EVM first reads and execute smart contracts, and then instruct the computers’ CPUs. All nodes running EVM must reach the same result i.e. consensus.

Q) Why hierarchy? Smart contract >>> EVM >>> CPUs?
A) Security - EVM ensures nothing malicious code is executed

  1. What is the format of the instructions that the EVM can read?

Bytecode

  1. What is the relationship between the programming language Solidity and Bytecode?

Solidity instructions are written more like English language.

It uses a compiler to translate it to byte code. EVM reads and executes byte code.

  1. Why can’t Bitcoin run the same type of complex programs like Ethereum can?

It uses a simple programming language called Script. It is not Turin complete. I.e. I cannot solve all problems that it might have to solve. Was deliberately limited to disallow loops, to prevent large amounts of data being written to the ledger e.g. spam attack.

  1. What is a Turing Complete programming language?

It enables any outcome to be programmed. It uses loops. Turing complete language has loops to enable an instruction to be executed over and over (defined number of times)

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#109

  1. EVM is code that is on all CPU’s in the Ethereum network. The EVM reads the code on the smart contract and tells the CPU to execute the code.

  2. The EVM reads Bytecode.

  3. The smart contracts are written Solidity and converted to Bytecode.

  4. Bitcoin uses Script language that is very limited and not Truing and Complete.

  5. A Truing and Complete language is Solidity.

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#110

It uses the hardware of each participant of the Ethereum Network to read and execute Smart Contracts in a consensus fashion. Also secure that no malicious piece of code can harm the user’s CPU and intended behaviors.
2.
A compilation of Bytecodes understood by the Solidity language, as well as the Viper.
3.
Solidity is the language closer to English to write a piece of code, that than is compiled into bytecodes that allow the EVM to read and execute an application.
4.
Bitcoin uses Scripts that are not Turing Complete, not allowing loops and therefore not solving all types of problems. And Ethereum uses Solidity, which is Turing Complete, enabling to run a smart contract and to solve a complex problem.
5.
Turing Complete allows you to loop over and over the reading and the execution of bytecodes, and to solve complex operations, coding anything programmer wishes.

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#111

the evm reads the code of smart contracts.
bytecode
smart cobtracts are written in solidity and then conplied into bytcode.
it is not turing complete
a language that lets you do anything and is not restrictive.

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#112
  1. EVM reads and executes the compiled smart contract.
  2. Bytecode.
  3. Solidity is a turing complete language, where as Bytecode is a compiled version of a SC written in solidity.
  4. Bitcoin script in Not Turing, where as Solidity is Turing.
  5. It is a complete language capable of looping and state/condition handling.
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#113

1- The EVM Controls the resources on the ethereum network and use them to deploy all smart contracts.
2- Bytecode
3- Smartcontract are written in solidity (for now) and then need to be compiled in bytecode for the EVM to be able to read it.
4- Becasue Bitcoin is not turing complete.
5- Its a language that allows you to program anything you want.

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#114

[quote=“filip, post:1, topic:8443”]

  1. What does the EVM do?
  • The EVM is a virtual machine that runs the smart contracts on the Ethereum Network. The EVM is a security layer for the network that makes sure that no malicious activitiy is taking place within the Smart contract. Acts like a security layer
  1. What is the format of the instructions that the EVM can read?
  • The EVM can read byte-code such as Solidity
  1. What is the relationship between the programming language Solidity and Bytecode?
  • Solidity is compiled into byte-code, which then runs thru EVM on the CPU, which then executes the instructions in the Smart Contract that comes up with results
  1. Why can’t Bitcoin run the same type of complex programs like Ethereum can?
  • Ethereum EMV is turin complete, meaning that Ethereums network is capable of performing any logical steps of a computational function within the network. While Bitcoin programming language is Script and isn’t turing complete.
  1. What is a Turing Complete programming language?
  • A turing complete programming language is a programming language that’s super flexible. Anyone can write whatever program they want on it. It allows individuals to make a programming language from scratch
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#115
  1. What does the EVM do?
    Virtual machine on each node. Runs compiled smart contracts so that the the smart contract cannot execute on the CPU directly.
  2. What is the format of the instructions that the EVM can read?
    EVM byte code
  3. What is the relationship between the programming language Solidity and Bytecode?
    Solidity is compiled into bytecode for the EVM to read
  4. Why can’t Bitcoin run the same type of complex programs like Ethereum can?
    Bitcoin’s language of Script is not Turing complete
  5. What is a Turing Complete programming language?
    It can run any algorithms — most simply, it can run loops.
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#116

  1. EVM- ethereum virtual machine that reads and executes smart contracts

  2. EVM bytecode

  3. Solidity is the programming language used to create eth smart contracts, it is then converted into bytecode.

4)Bictoins scripts are not Turing complete therefore it cannot execute all functions whereas ethereum’s solidarity is Turing complete thus allowing applications such as smart contracts.

  1. It is a very flexible programing language that allows for complex programming that in theory allows one to program anything.
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#117
  1. What does the EVM do?

It runs the smart-contracts on the CPU of the nodes. It serves as protection layer to the nodes.

  1. What is the format of the instructions that the EVM can read?

Bytecode

  1. What is the relationship between the programming language Solidity and Bytecode?

Solidity will compile to Bytecode

  1. Why can’t Bitcoin run the same type of complex programs like Ethereum can?

Script, the programming language of Bitcoin, is not turing complete and therefore cannot run any complex program.

  1. What is a Turing Complete programming language?

Turing complete means that it can solve any problem. (aside fro memory, speed and scaling). In practice it allows functionalities such as loops.

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#118
  1. Run wide range of programs on the Ethereum network
  2. Bytecode
  3. Solidity is human readable version of bytecode that should be completed to Bytecode when it is deployed on Euthereum network
  4. Lack of flexibility of programming language for Bitcoin, namely turning incomplete m
  5. Turning complete language can manage complicated tasks which require recursive loop
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#119

  • What does the EVM do?
    EVM allows the execution of code on the network in a way that enables consensus regarding the outcome of any given instructions.

  • What is the format of the instructions that the EVM can read?
    EVM Bytecode

  • What is the relationship between the programming language Solidity and Bytecode?
    EVM will read the instructions of the contract in written in Solidity then compile it to Bytecode

  • Why can’t Bitcoin run the same type of complex programs like Ethereum can?
    Bitcoin’s scripting language is limited in its problem solving abilities, as it is not Turing Complete whereas Solidity in Ethereum is Turing Complete, meaning it can solve any problem

  • What is a Turing Complete programming language?
    It is a language that has the capability of solving any problem due to Loops, a feature that allows the instruction of a software to do a specific action a specific number of times.

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#120
  1. It is a app that runs the Bytecode (smart contract) produced by Solidity. It also provides a type of sandbox isolation to the OS of the computer running the EVM. This is assuming that the computer has an OS say Unix and the VM runs inside/on top of it.
  2. Bytecode.
  3. Solidity is a programming language that is fairly human readable and has a compiler to convert that code to Bytecode that the EVM can run.
  4. Bitcoin’s programming language Script is very simple and very narrow is scope. Ethereum using Solidity is a TC language and theoretically can be used for any programming task.
  5. Basically a Turing Complete programming language is one that you can do any calculation with it. Most turing complete languages will have loops or other ways to change variables or other inputs and recalculate results.

Just some thoughts at this early stage in learning how Ethereum works. For the smart contract to be executable the required inputs would need to be sent or found by the computers running the EVM. In Ivan’s example of the grades being above a given value then it is implied that the grades would be published by a trusted source and in a format that can be understood by the EVM. The data would also need to be readily available to all nodes so that verification could be done. So, all data everywhere and in a standard format for the planet? Just thinking.

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