Zcash Sapling - Reading Assignment

Privacy Coins - Ultimate Course
#121
  1. This is because of the computational cost of validating shielded transactions.
  2. Sapling makes it possible to segregate spending keys on one secure hardware wallet and allowing other hardware to generate proofs.
  3. Currently, only incoming transactions are viewable, but Sapling will make it possible to also view outgoing transactions.
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#122
  1. Most Zcash transaction use transparent addresses that function in the same way as Bitcoin. This is largely due to the computational cost of proving that shielded transactions are valid.
  2. Hardware wallets can support shielded addresses by allowing the connected computer to construct the proof without exposing the spending key to that machine.
  3. Sapling extends the capability of the viewing key to include visibility into outgoing transactions for a shielded address. Visibility includes the transaction value, memo field and target address.
    Viewing keys allow owners of shielded addresses the ability to view transaction details without exposing their private spending key. Additionally, these can be shared with trusted third parties for compliance, auditing or for other reasons. Currently, only incoming transactions are viewable.
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#123

According to the blog post, why are most Zcash transactions today transparent?

Because of the computational cost of proving that shielded transactions are valid.

Why does Sapling enable the use of hardware wallets?

Because it changes the current methodology where the hardware that constructs the proof must also be in possession of the spending key that authorizes the transaction. Sapling allows the hardware that constructs the proof to be independent from the hardware that signs for the transaction.

How do viewing keys change?

Before Sapling, the holder of an incoming viewing key for a shielded address was able to see the value of all incoming transactions and the memo field. They were unable to see the sending address nor spend the funds.
Sapling extends the capability of the viewing key to include visibility into outgoing transactions for a shielded address. Visibility includes the transaction value, memo field and target address.

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#124
  1. Because of the complexity on the shielded tx process
  2. All shielded tx require the creation of zero knowledge proof witch the hardware wallet and the Sapling implementation will allow it to construct the proof independently from the signature of the hardware authorization for the tx
  3. Allows a function of audit permission of certain data hidden by the shielding
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#125

  1. most TX are transparent because of the computational cost of shielded TX

  2. sapling enables HW wallets by enabling the connected device to generate the proofs required.

  3. Ability to view outgoing TX details

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#126
  1. Due to high computational cost of proving the validity of shielded transactions.
  2. This is because the hardware that construct the transaction proof can now be independent from the hardware that signs for the transaction. Therefore, hardware wallets can support shielded addresses by allowing the connected computer to construct the proof without exposing the spending key to that machine.
  3. The change allows the viewing key owners of shielded address be able to view outgoing transactionā€™s value, memo field and target address.
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#127

  1. This is largely due to the computational cost of proving that shielded transactions are valid.

  2. This is largely due to the computational cost of proving that shielded transactions are valid.

  3. The holder of an incoming viewing key for a shielded address is able to see the value of all incoming transactions and the memo field. They cannot see the sending address and cannot spend the funds.

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#128

  1. Most Zcash transaction use transparent addresses that function in the same way as Bitcoin. This is largely due to the computational cost of proving that shielded transactions are valid.

  2. All shielded transactions require the creation of a zero-knowledge proof. Today, the hardware that constructs the proof must also be in possession of the spending key that authorizes the transaction. Sapling changes this by allowing the hardware that constructs the proof to be independent from the hardware that signs for the transaction.

  3. Shielded addresses currently support an incoming viewing key. The holder of an incoming viewing key for a shielded address is able to see the value of all incoming transactions and the memo field. They cannot see the sending address and cannot spend the funds.

Sapling extends the capability of the viewing key to include visibility into outgoing transactions for a shielded address. Visibility includes the transaction value, memo field and target address.

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#129

1)They use transparent addresses
2) They enable it for the extra security, but they have not been able to do this in effective way yet because it always required the hardware wallet to be in possession of the spending key. Sapling changes this by allowing the hardware that constructs the proof to be independent from the hardware that signs the transaction.
3)With Sapling, they will be able to include visibility into outgoing transaction for shielded addresses (includes transaction value, Memo field and target address)

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#130
  1. According to the blog post, why are most Zcash transactions today transparent?
    Because of the computational cost of proving that shielded transactions are valid.
  2. Why does Sapling enable the use of hardware wallets?
    Sapling allows the hardware that constructs the proof to be independent from the hardware that signs for the transaction.
  3. How do viewing keys change?
    Before Sapling, the holder of an incoming viewing key for a shielded address was able to see the value of all incoming transactions and the memo field. They were unable to see the sending address nor spend the funds.
    Sapling extends the capability of the viewing key to include visibility into outgoing transactions for a shielded address. Visibility includes the transaction value, memo field and target address.
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#131

1. According to the blog post, why are most Zcash transactions today transparent?
Because shielded addresses (which give that so wanted privacy on the network) are much more costly than regular ones so most transactions on the Zcash network are done with non-shielded addresses in a regular Bitcoin network style.

2. Why does Sapling enable the use of hardware wallets?
All shielded transactions require the creation of a zero-knowledge proof. The hardware that constructs the proof must also be in possession of the spending key that authorizes the transaction but sapling changes this by allowing the hardware that constructs the proof to be independent from the hardware that signs for the transaction so hardware wallets can support shielded addresses by allowing the connected computer to construct the proof without exposing the spending key to the machine.

3. How do viewing keys change?
Now viewing keys allow owners of shielded addresses the ability to view transaction details without exposing their private spending key. These can be shared if desired for compliance, auditing and other purposes.

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#132

  1. Due to the computational cost of proving that shielded transactions are valid.

  2. It allows the connected computer to construct the proof without exposing the spending key.

  3. It allows owners of shielded addresses the ability to view transaction details without exposting their private spending key

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#133
  1. What was Zcashā€™s original funding model, and why did it need to be replaced?
    The original funding model granted 20% of miners reward to a developers fund. The fund would receive in total 2.1 million, or 10%, of the total of 21 million ZEC after 4 years. Thereafter, miners would receive 100% of miners reward. This scheme needed ot be modified because the ECC and Zcash Foundation were in need of funds to continue development of Zcash.
  2. Under the new funding model, how is the general community fund allocated?
    The new model now has a community fund that is funded by 20% of every mining reward. It allocates 35% of the community fund to the ECC, 25% to the Zcash Fundation and, in order to support the principle of decentralization, the remaining 40% goes to third-party developers.
  3. Who was included in the final vote and why?
    It was composed of members of the Zcash Community Forum along with a community advisory panel, for a total number of 112 voters. However, miners were not counted in the vote due to lack of participation.
  4. What was ECCā€™s reason for rejecting an ā€˜upper-bound dollar limitā€™ on their block reward funding?
    The company said any cap would hamstring the organizationā€™s ability to attract talent. As such, the ECC said it would not accept any proposal with similar constraints.
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#134

1.) According to the blog post, most Zcash transactions today are transparent because there is a high computational cost to prove that shielded transactions are valid; the Sapling upgrade to Zcash is striving to shield these transactions completely, however.
2.) Sapling enables the use of hardware wallets because they support shielded addresses. Hardware wallets allow connected computers to construct zero-knowledge proof without exposing the spending key to that machine (which most hardwares currently require to perform any transaction).
3.) Viewing keys change from only having the visibility of the memo field and all incoming transactions to the included viewing of outgoing transactions for a shielded address. With this change, the viewing key will have visibility of transaction values, memo fields, and target addresses.

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#135

:one: According to the blog post, why are most Zcash transactions today transparent?

When the article was written, Zcash addresses were mostly transparent. This was the case due to the computational cost of proving that shielded transactions were valid.

:two: Why does Sapling enable the use of hardware wallets?

Sapling allows the use of hardware wallets because they are able to construct the proof without exposing the spending key to that machine.

So from Sapling, the hardward that constructs the proof can/should be independent from the hardward that signs a transaction.

:three: How do viewing keys change?

The viewing keys for Sapling are able to see the incoming amounts, however they can not see the senderā€™s address, or spend the funds.
Sapling viewing keys also extend the ability to see outgoing transactions for shielded addresses, where they can see the transaction value, memo field and target address.

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#136

  1. According to the blog post, why are most Zcash transactions today transparent? : Zcash transaction use transparent addresses that function in the same way as Bitcoin. This is largely due to the computational cost of proving that shielded transactions are valid. With Sapling, we move one (giant) step closer toward the ubiquity of shielded addresses.

  2. Why does Sapling enable the use of hardware wallets? : All shielded transactions require the creation of a zero-knowledge proof. Today, the hardware that constructs the proof must also be in possession of the spending key that authorizes the transaction. Sapling changes this by allowing the hardware that constructs the proof to be independent from the hardware that signs for the transaction.

  3. How do viewing keys change? : Through Sapling, viewing keys are able to make outgoing transactions visible for shielded addresses, showing information related to transaction values and making both memo fields and target addresses visible

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#137

  1. This is because most users of Zcash choose to use transparent addresses for their transactions, either because they do not need the anonymity provided by shielded addresses.

  2. Sapling enables the use of hardware wallets by allowing them to securely support shielded addresses and transactions.

  3. Viewing keys can be changed by the owner of the shielded address at any time, and they can be used to selectively reveal different sets of information about the transactions associated with the address. For example, a user might choose to change their viewing key to reveal more information about their transactions to a third party, or to restrict the information that is revealed to a third party.

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#138

1- According to the blog author, Zcash transactions are transparent at the time of writting because of the heavy computation required to validate shielded transactions.
2- The addresses starting with zsā€¦ are Sapling z-addresses and tx constructed with it will be faster and smaller, facilitating the support of shielded addresses by many services providers.
Sapling will makes the hardwares that constructs the proof and the one that signs the transaction independt from one another (~spending key dependency).
3- The viewing keys will expand on the visibility of outgoing transactions for shilded addresses, not only incoming tx vk (and without exposing the private key).

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#139

  1. According to the blog post, why are most Zcash transactions today transparent?
    This is due to computational cost of proving that shielded transactions are valid. With Sapling, we move one (giant) step closer toward the ubiquity of shielded addresses.

  2. Why does Sapling enable the use of hardware wallets?
    Hardware wallets can support shielded addresses by allowing the connected computer to construct the proof without exposing the spending key to that machine.

  3. How do viewing keys change?
    Viewing keys allow owners of shielded addresses the ability to view transaction details without exposing their private spending key. Additionally, these can be shared with trusted third parties for compliance, auditing or for other reasons.

1 Like