1. What was a proposed alternative to Segwit?
Increased block sizes, up to 8MB.
2. What did Segwit solve more than just the scaling issue?
By removing the signature from the transaction block, they solved transaction malleability.
3. How is Segwit and the Lightning network connected?
Segwit reduced transaction sizes to a point that the Lightning Network can now handle the smaller transactions in a second layer off the Bitcoin Blockchain, settling on-chain later.
4. Are people, wallets and other services forced to use Segwit?
Not at all, it was a soft fork, so until Segwit achieves dominance, all nodes can process both protocols