Reading assignment: Hashing

1)Sha 256

2)Because its such a hard number to guess such a long number the odds of 2 people to get the same number are close to imposible.

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  1. What is the hashing algorithm called used in Bitcoin?
    SHA-256.
    2.Why is this hashing algorithm really hard (almost impossible) to brute-force?
    Because the shear number of possibility’s it is infeasible for someone to come up with the correct solution and the possibility of a collision is less likely. therefore increasing security.
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  1. What is the hashing algorithm called used in Bitcoin?
    A. SHA-256
  2. Why is this hashing algorithm really hard (almost impossible) to brute-force?
    A. The hashing algorithm uses a 256-bit length and it would take far too long to brute force
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  1. Sha 256

  2. there are too many possibilities which makes it not practical

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  1. SHA256
  2. The possibilities are 2^256 and therefore almost impossbile to detect the input from the output.
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It is Sha256
It is very effective because there are so many possibilities that it is infeaseable to break it. It would take lifetime to do it.

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1. What is the hashing algorithm called used in Bitcoin?

SHA-256 (Secure Hashing Algorithm 256)

2. Why is this hashing algorithm really hard (almost impossible) to brute-force?

The number of possible inputs (2^256) that needs to be generated in order to
determine the resulting output is illogical and extremely time consuming.

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  1. Bitcoin uses Secure Hashing Algorithm 256(SHA-256).
  2. It is almost impossible to brute force because there are 2^128 possibilities for hashes.
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The blockchain for bitcoin uses the hashing algorithm SHA-256. The general idea of hashing is to produce an output string of the specific length using an input of any length. In going so, any output must be certain in that it should produce consistent results if the same input values are used. Other characteristics include pre-image resistance making it infeasible to determine the input value if the relevant output is known, and collision resistance which deals with so called ā€˜orphan’ blocks occurring when two miners happen to come up with two identical blocks.

The brute force method uses random combinations to match up the required block. In bitcoin mining, there are constrains imposed on the system because of the finite number of available bitcoins, which limit the production of new blocks to slow the growth of the blockchain. These are the amount of time allowed for a new block to be created which is set at 10 mins, and the level of difficulty that the system sets for clearing blocks before adding them to the ledger which keeps getting increased after further 2016 blocks.

While the minimum time for the creation of new blocks is self-explanatory, it is the setting of a level of difficulty that requires further explanation. It relies on the use of the brute force method to operate. Once a block is hashed using SHA-256, its output value is checked against the level of difficulty, and if the value is less than the set level of difficulty it will be added to the blockchain and the author awarded with bitcoin. However, if the value is not less than the set level of difficulty, the system will add a random string called a ā€˜nonce’ to the hashed result in order to hash it again and check it against the level of difficulty. The process continues until an appropriate value is found by adding random nonces to the hash value and hashing the result. As the level of difficulty gets increased by the time another 2016 blocks are added to the ledger, it becomes increasingly challenging to match the required level of difficulty. Therefore, the use of the brute force method proves really hard to utilise in mining.

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Thanks very much @SecondOpinion. That really helped!

  1. What is the hashing algorithm called used in Bitcoin?

SHA-256

  1. Why is this hashing algorithm really hard (almost impossible) to brute-force?

Being 256 bits it means that it has a probability of 1 / 2^256 to be broken, that is more than the number of atoms in the known universe, making it impossible to be broken with the current tech, perhaps the only chance to break this kind of encryption is with quantum computing in the far future. For now it is safely used in SSL, TLS, SSH, etc

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Because it would require up to 2 to the power of 256 attempts to brute force.

" There is a 1 in over 115 quattuorvigintillion (that’s a 78 digit number) chance of finding a collision. (…) This number is bigger than the number of atoms in the perceivable universe" (https://privacycanada.net/cryptanalysis/why-is-2-256-secure/)

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Not just one :slight_smile:

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Bitcoin uses the SHA-256 hashing algorithm.

This hashing algorithm is almost impossible to brute-force because it takes so long that it wouldn’t matter. Also when combined with the Merkle Tree structure of hashing it becomes even more impossible.

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If there is less hashing power in the network the difficulty can also decrease :slight_smile:

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  1. What is the hashing algorithm called used in Bitcoin?

SHA256

  1. Why is this hashing algorithm really hard (almost impossible) to brute-force?

The number of possibilities is too high to find the result in a useful time

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SHA-256

Hashing algorithm is really hard ( almost impossible ) to brute force due to pre-image resistance property which is means that is not feasible to determine the input data based on the hash.

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Thanks for clarifying, this was not clear from what I have read.

May I also ask something else. If the hash of a concatenated string does not match the difficulty level, and the system needs to use a different nonce, which version of the hashed block is used for that nonce to be appended to? Is it the one that was originally part of the block, or the one that was generated from the concatenated string which did not match?

  1. It uses the SHA 256 algorithm.
  2. the reason it is hard to apply a ā€œbrute forceā€ approach since it will take an infinite large number of variants to crack this the hash that while it would be feasible to do it in theory but in reality it would require several lives to spent ding it, so that means that the impact of a ā€œbrute forceā€ approach is going to be negligent and can be totally disregarded.
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What is the hash algorithm used in bitcoin?
BitCoin uses the SHA-256 hash algorithm to generate verifiably ā€œrandomā€ .

Why is this hashing algorithm really hard (almost impossible) to brute-force?
There is a specified hash rate for each block to be mined to maintain a specific and predictable supply of Bitcoin.

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