Transparency:
All transactions in a blockchain are visible to all users that have access to it. Therefore i would not say the blockchain is transparent primarily but first of all it is visible. There is no hidden data and anybody that want’s to understand what happened in the blockchain can do so and get the transparency needed.
Security:
The blockchain technology offers some great advanteges compared to “normal” ledger systems. First it secures that any transaction written is correct, meaning there was a consensus on the information correctness. Secondly the information is stored immutably, secured against changes. Third the ledger is distributed all over so it secures data availability on HA Level.
Improved traceability:
The blockchain is a digital ledger therefore it allows you to trace transactions. Compared to a normal bookkeeping system it additionally links the transactions therefore the traceability is even better on the blockchain.
Increased efficiency and speed:
As a digital solution it is much more efficient than any manual paper workflow and approval process.
This is not blockchain specific and (if done correctly) the normal advantage of IT-Systems. The advantage of the blockchain can be spottet on the elimination of intermediary mediators often required on bigger workflows with multiple “players”.
Reduced cost:
The blockchain reduces costs just by eliminating middlemans that are required in a trust-system. You save all the (in fact useless) work that is required in a trust-system to be “save” that the information is correct and nobody cheats you.