Transparency: Greater transparency has a number of potential benefits because not only do all parties with access see exactly the same data due to the nature of a blockchain network, that data can only be added by network consensus and is immutable. This has huge positive potential for supply chains, voting systems, personal legal documentation, and more. This transparency also makes it very hard to cheat or game the network, which promotes more ethical practice.
Security: Given that data can only be changed if over 50% of the blockchain network agrees, and that it can only be added with network consensus, this makes fraud or falsifying data very difficult. Additionally, all added data is encrypted and tied to all previous transactions, making altering any single entry essentially impossible without alerting the network (which would then reject this attempted change). The fact that a blockchain network is spread across a number of machines, rather than in one place, also makes it much more difficult to hack.
Improved traceability: Anyone connected, or with access to, the network can quickly and easily verify any transaction. All transactions are also timestamped. Tracing goods through a supply chain on a blockchain is therefore much easier, as in theory all goods will have a clear record of origins and journey through the supply line.
Increased efficiency and speed: Data only needs to be added to a blockchain once, and can then be viewed by anyone with access. This instantly eliminates the need for multiple people to make multiple copies of the same information, which they may need to add to multiple databases. Network consensus and immutability also means that human error can be vastly reduced, and trust removed entirely.
Reduced cost: Blockchains already have the potential to drop costs for certain businesses immensely, die to the efficiency mentioned above. They also remove the need for third parties, another cost, and any potentially financially impactful mistakes of business partners - the entire system is trustless, and the transparency of a ledger means it’s very easy to see if suppliers/business partners are doing what they say they are, for example.