Transparency: Blockchain technology allows high visibility to transactional information made public on a decentralized database of information. This could mean that patients or medical professionals can quickly and efficiently access the patients information, for example, by querying a blockchain network built to store patient information. It is also a way for a group of users of a blockchain to have high visibility of the entire process, removing trust requirement from the picture.
Security: Blockchain technology utilized the concepts of immutability, consensus, and transparency to provide a high level of security for the decentralized database in question. Using mathematical encyption protocols it is impossible to change the information in a block that has already been created, and consensus protects the data from a single point of failure.
Improved traceability: If a blockchain database is made public, anyone with necessary understanding would be able to audit the blockchain to review past transactions and recorded information in past blocks, as well as see new transactions that occur. This is a highly visible way of recording data that all members of the network would be able to see and audit.
Increased efficiency and speed: Rather than having a central authority, or middlemen, the blockchain uses a P2P exchange that is validated on the blockchain by miners. Once consensus is reached, the transaction is recorded. This is highly automated version of what banks or other data exchanges were doing that required additional steps and filtering all transactions through central authorities before they could be completed, wheras blockchain transactions do this more efficiently by removing these middlemen.
Reduced cost: When there are central authorities acting as middlemen, each step in the process requires paid employees or overhead, each costing a portion of the overal cost of the transaction. In blockchain, the shared ledger only needs to interface with the validation of transactions in order to complete, which reduces cost.