Explain with your own words, why these are the benefits of using a blockchain.
1. Transparency:
Blockchain technology is a distributed ledger - instead of copies of the database being made, held and updated by the various users of the network, one document is shared and synced among them, requiring consensus agreement for changes to be implemented upon it.
The entire transaction history of that particular blockchain is held within the ledger - for it to be possible to change a transaction on the blockchain, all the subsequent transactions would have to be undone to return the network to the state it was in before the problematic transaction occurred. This amendment would require the co-operation (or control) of the majority of the network, and would be both costly and time-consuming to carry out.
Given that there is only one document functioning as the ledger in this system, there are less mistakes made, which might otherwise occur through the process of copying or auditing the data in a more traditional, centralised system.
As long as you have permission to access the network, you can view every single transaction that has taken place.
2. Enhanced security:
Transactions cannot be set into the blockchain without agreement among the network participants that they are valid. Encryption is used to chain the transactions together - due to the use of elliptic-curve cryptography, it is nearly impossible to reverse the transactions, both as a result of the complex mathematics involved, and the limitations of processing power in the absence of quantum computers.
Given that the data is stored in a decentralised network, it is much harder for hackers to compromise the ledger, as there are too many geographical and technological targets to attack within the limits of finance cost, time, and computing resources that they are likely to have at their disposal.
The possibility of fraud is greatly reduced through decentralisation, as sensitive and valuable data is backed up on multiple computers, whilst also being protected from unauthorised access by those who lack permission to interact with the network.
3. Improved Traceability:
Blockchain technology makes it easier to track the path of a specific item along the various stages of its journey along a supply chain, a sequence of events which can be traced back to where the item originated from.
This increases reassurance for the network participants that the product in question is authentic, and has reliably come from ethical and sustainable sources as much as possible.
4. Increased Efficiency and Speed:
The traditional paper-heavy process of copying and auditing databases is time consuming, and due to the complexity of the procedure (as well as the human participation in the task), creates a lot of potential for errors to be made, requiring mediators to monitor the validity of the audit.
Blockchains are faster, more streamlined, and more efficient, as they rely less upon fallible human intermediaries.
5. Reduced Cost:
With no middlemen required to complete the process of record-keeping, the cost is greatly reduced, and trust is placed instead in the mathematics and protocols that constitute the blockchain code.
This makes it easier to trade with complete strangers, reducing the need for collecting personal data from customers, which in turn increases the confidence that customers have in the safety of using that companies services.
Cost is also reduced due to their being only one database document to consult for all network participants. This document is immutable, and as long as you have permissioned access to the blockchain, you can observe the data contained within it.