Reading Assignment: Accessibility and HTML

[rossthebosspalmer]

1. Accessibility - “Accessibility is the practice of making your websites usable by as many people as possible. We traditionally think of this as being about people with disabilities, but the practice of making sites accessible also benefits other groups such as those using mobile devices, or those with slow network connections.”

2. People interpret websites without vision through the help of assistive technologies, also known as ATs. There are ATs for the hearing impaired, mobility impaired, cognitively impaired, and most widespread, the visually impaired. Examples of ATs for the visually impaired are:

• Paid commercial products, like JAWS (Windows) and Dolphin Screen Reader (Windows).
• Free products, like NVDA (Windows), ChromeVox (Chrome), and Orca (Linux).
• Software built into the operating system, like VoiceOver (macOS, iPadOS, iOS), Narrator (Windows), ChromeVox (on Chrome OS), and TalkBack (Android).

3. Semantic HTML programming helps make websites accessible:

• Semantic HTML, which improves accessibility, also improves SEO, making your site more findable.
• Caring about accessibility demonstrates good ethics and morals, which improves your public image.
• Other good practices that improve accessibility also make your site more usable by other groups, such as mobile phone users or those on low network speed. In fact, everyone can benefit from many such improvements.
• It is the law in some countries

4. Practices to avoid when writing HTML are:

• Presentation HTML
• Line breaks
• Using unclear language such as abbreviations, dashes or acronyms
• Creating HTML tables to create page layouts

5. A tab index specifies the tab order of an element when the tab button on a keyboard is used for navigating.

[PabloAAAJ]

What is accessibility?

Accessibility is the practice of making your websites usable by as many people as possible.

How do people interpret websites without vision?

Through screen magnifiers or screen readers (software that reads digital text aloud)

How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?

Semantic HTML, using the correct HTML elements for their intended purpose as much as posible, helps accessibility by providing a common structure to a website; making it easier for web searchers to find good and relevant information

Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.

• Don’t use
  when the right semantic is available
• Avoid using abbreviations, dashes, acronyms

What is a tab index?

The tabindex attribute is primarily intended to allow tabbable elements to have a custom tab order (specified in positive numerical order), instead of just being tabbed through in their default source order.

[Wildfyre86]

1. In terms of internet use, accessibility is the practice of making a website as easy to use as possible for as many people as possible, whether this be those with disabilities, mobile users or those with connection problems.
2. The most common way of interprting a website without vision is to use a screen reader, which interprets the coding and page display and reads out what is contained within.
3. Semantic HTML provides a clearer breakdown of what each element within a website is, making it more accessible for both people with disabilities and SEO/web crawlers. This is because using semantic HTML allows the person writing the website to highlight important text, make buttons that can be tabbed to, and provide easy to process alternative text descriptions, just to name a few examples.
4. Avoid using dashes within your language, as this can be misinterpreted by screen readers and web crawlers - use words where possible instead. For example, write 9 to 5 instead of 9-5. Don’t use more words than necessary and don’t use overly flowery language where something simpler can be used. Use full words instead of abbreviations, and make sure that you expand your acronyms at least once or twice to explain what they stand for.
5. A tab index is an attribute which primarily allows tabbable elements to have a custom order (outlined numerically) instead of just being tabbed through in default order, but this is usually considered to be a bad idea as it can cause confusion. However, it can also be used to allow elements which are not normally tabbable to become so, which is the most useful aspect of ‘tabindex’ as it makes a web page more accessible for those who have to use a keyboard only and not a mouse. ‘Tabindex’ also allows elements which are not normally tabbable to receive programmatic focus (via JS for example) or as the target of links.

[JeffJ]

1. What is accessibility?

   Providing user who may be impaired in some way alternative methods to access web page content.

2. How do people interpret websites without vision?

   By using either Text to speach reader, braille reader/scanner (Important to use Alt tags for content like images etc…)

3. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?

   It communicates the meaning of elements to computers as well as people which helps search engines, assistive technologies and developers understand the components of a web page.

4. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.

   Avoid “div” and “span” tags as they are generic tags that don’t provide much information about the purpose of the content inside of them.

5. What is a tab index?

   It’s a HTML Global Element that indicates it’s elements can be focused via the [Tab] key on a computer keyboard.

   Found this warning about tab indexes:

   Warning: Avoid using tab index values greater than 0. Doing so makes it difficult for people who rely on assistive technology to navigate and operate page content. Instead, write the document with the elements in a logical sequence.

[Shejdi]

1. What is accessibility?
   the range of activities related to the process of building a website, aimed to simplify the programming code, so that every person have a free access to it and is able to understand and edit source code that website can behave in a predictable way.

2. How do people interpret websites without vision?
   Those people interpret websites with help of screen readers

3. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?
   Semantic improves accessibility and help differentiate parts of website which helps screen readers to work properly.

4. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.

Avoid writing text using presentational HTML and line breaks

• don’t use dashes
• don’t use abbreviations
• don’t forget to expand acronyms
• avoid unclear language
• avoid HTLM tables and old relic layouts

5. What is a tab index?
   tabindex is primarily intended to allow tabbable elements to have a custom tab order instead of just being tabbed through in their default source order.

[CryptoG03]

1. What is accessibility?
   This means that every user is able to see / hear your content on you website.
2. How do people interpret websites without vision?
   They use screen readers.
3. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?
   You can write elements in different ways. semantic markup has more functionality.
4. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.
   Starting a project with non-semantic elements and ajusting is later on.
5. What is a tab index?
   It means that tabbable elements can have a tab function on the keyboard.

[andrewgeorge]

1. Accessibility is allowing the most amount of people to be able to use your website.
2. They can use screen readers that will read out the contents of the website.
3. It gives order to the content and allows screen readers to more easily read the contents of the website.
4. Not using semantic HTML, using dashes, using abbreviations and using acronyms.
5. Tab index is an attribute that allows tabbable elements to have a custom tab order.

[UtopiaNFTs]

1. What is accessibility. Accessibility is the ability for all webusers to have access to the full content using readers and or tab index.
2. How to interpret websites without vision? By using a reader software.
3. How does samantic HTML make websites more accessible. It makes it easier to develop with and better on mobile and it’s good for your SEO.
4. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.
   Avoid using bad symantics and table layouts.
5. What is a tab index?
   An html attribute specifying the tab order when using the tab button for navigating.

[kam.kaul]

What is accessibility?
make it easy to access things in multiple ways

How do people interpret websites without vision?
screen readers

How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?
its easier for different softwares understand what is in your website as it is moe precise

Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.
using div for everything, using tables to format page

What is a tab index?
the order of using “tab” on your keyboard to what is selects on the screen

[C.shepherd]

1. What is accessibility?

Making your website usable by as many people as possible.

2. How do people interpret websites without vision?

With screen readers. Software that reads the content of the website out loud.

3. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?

Users with accessibility software such as a screen reader will have a much better browsing experience if the website is structured using the proper elements for the job.

4. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.

Avoid using dashes, abbreviations, and acronyms.

5. What is a tab index?

The tabindex attribute is used to give elements a custom tab order. It can also make non tabbable elements tabbable.

[MauricioNoriega]

1. What is accessibility?

Making it easy for everyone to make use of a website/application

2. How do people interpret websites without vision?

Screen readers can read the contents of a website

3. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?

Using the right elements make it easy for users to navigate and also allows you to take advantage of the computers ability to structure websites

4. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.

Using non-semantic HTML, which means using code that works, but that it isn’t particularly intended for that, while theres so many elements that help structure and define the website

5. What is a tab index?

A tab index allows for elements to have a numerical order

[ASLDEV]

1. What is accessibility?
   A. Is when good Semantic HTML is used to improve accessibility for the impaired.
2. How do people interpret websites without vision?
   A. With the help of tools like screen reader & magnifiers.
3. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?
   A. Makes text clear and understandable.
4. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.
   A. Avoid useing characters, avoid abbriavations and use full words insted of acronyms.
5. What is a tab index?
   A. Allows you to tab through all the elements on the page.

[Chefrusty]

1. Accessibility is striving to make your website and content easily “Accessible” to as much of the population as possible
2. Using a Screen reader
3. HTML as a given structure for standardized interpretation and results
4. “div” & “span” and dashes use text insstead
5. Better not to use Tab Index unless necessary better format of tabindex=“0” or “-1” , helps with accessibility, organizing tab functions and, why show something that shouldn’t be used? Unless needed later on

[AppieVlassie]

1. An accessible and easy to navigate website. You will reach this by using Semantic elements.

2. By using a screen reader.

3. Semantic elements gives the content structure, so every user can navigate through the website.

4. Bad sementics, don’t use dashes, abbreviations, acronyms, and HTLM tables.

5. The tabindex attribute specifies the tab order of an element (when the ‘‘tab’’ button is used for navigating).

[andrei_chin]

What is accessibility?
Accessibility for websites entails that features and contents of the site is accessible
through whatever device is available to a user such as keyboard, mouse, and touch screen,
screen readers and voice assistants. Individuals who have physical and mental disability
should be able to use it. In addition, it should not cause harm such as motion that may
cause headaches and seizures.

How do people interpret websites without vision?
Accessible Rich Internet Application (ARIA) is a set of attributes that define ways and make
web content and applications more accessible to people with disabilities.

How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?
When HTML is semantically correct, the browser knows what type of content it’s dealing with and
how it relates to the other content of the site. This makes assistive technology to perform
its job more efficiently because it has a structure that it can work with.

Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.
Avoid using line breaks for making lists, use ordered or unordered list html format instead.
For headings, use the h1, h2, h3, … format instead of just specifying the font size inside
the html tags.

What is a tab index?
Tab index is an attribute which specifies the tab order of an element when tab button is used
for navigating.

[MarkHording]

1. What is accessibility?
   Accessibility is the practice of making your websites usable by as many people as possible.
2. How do people interpret websites without vision?
   Screen readers.
3. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?
   Gives content structure and and makes text understandable.
4. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.
   Avoid characters, abbreviations and acronyms.
5. What is a tab index?
   Tab index is intended to allow tabbable elements to have a custom tab order, instead of just being tabbed through in their default source order.

[Zacharie_Boudreau]

1. What is accessibility?
   When you use good semantic HTML it will make you website more accessible to others because it will be easier to understand and developpe in.
2. How do people interpret websites without vision?
   with screen readers
3. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?
   it makes websites more readable for users, easier to code in.
4. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.
   Don’t use dashes, Don’t use abbreviations and avoid acronyms
5. What is a tab index?
   it allows the user to tab through elements in the intended order

[D4ni3L]

1. What is accessibility?
   Its used to ensure that many people can accsess and use the website. For example the website should be in native language, slang should not be used. Also the Website should ensure that people with disabilities can use it aswell

2. How do people interpret websites without vision?
   The use of a screen reader should be working on the website so vision disabled people can still use it. Its very important to have a good markup language for this to work.

3. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?
   semantic HTML enables the use of navigating through the keyboard, e.g. tab and enter

4. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.
   Dont use table as page layouts
   Dont use slang/acronyms without exlaining
   No Improper structure, use appropriate semantic
   Dont use div instead of button tag for acutal buttons

5. What is a tab index?
   Its an attribute that allows custom tab order instead of default.

[Chazmeister]

1. Accessibility within websites refers to the website catering to peoples specific needs. This could be someone who has vision or hearing impairments.

2. an automated voice will read out to the content within the page. These are known as screen readers.

3. HTML is used to correctly organise pages, one way it does this is correctly relaying a specific structure which he screen reader can efficiently read out.

4. Using the Div element for general use rather than using the correct semantic.

5. a tab index is the usage of scrolling through websites with the tab key.

[toriemartenilli]

1. What is accessibility?
   Is the practice of making your websites usuable by as many as people as possible.
2. How do people interpret websites without vision?
   Some user will rely on screen readers which is software that reads digital text aloud.
3. How does semantic HTML help make websites accessible?
   It offers Funciontality for free, HTML is arguably ligther, search engines give more importance to keywords inside headings, links, etc. than keywords included in non-sematic.
4. Name a few practices to avoid when writing HTML.
   You should try to avoid using language and characters that dont get read out clearly by a screen readers
5. What is a tab index?
   Is an attribute intented to allow tabbable elements to have custom tab order.