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A program is a set of instructions that tells the computer what to do. The program tells the computer what information to take in, how to process it and what information to output.
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Although the individual instructions in a program are simple, the combination of many instructions together can enable a computer to perform complex tasks. However, having a large number of instructions in a program can also lead to complexity in itself. The art of programming involves reducing complexity while still enabling the computer to perform complex tasks.
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The purpose of a programming language is to enable the programmer to express instructions at a higher level. In other words the program is more intuitive and easily understood by the programmer compared to the primitive zeros and ones that are understood by the computer.
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JavaScript is a programming language widely used by modern browsers to add functionality to websites. In terms of programming, JavaScript has no relationship with the Java programming language. Other than similarities in name, and a marketing attempt in the past, there is no connection between the two languages.
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ECMAScript is another name for JavaScript; it was a label created by the Ecma International Organization when they created a standardization document for JavaScript.
Hi @Hamze_Dirir,
Your answers are very good, with some nice details 
OK, so the following aren’t corrections, but additional points that could be made, and which I think are important to consider.
- What is a program?
I would also add that a program is a set of instructions which are interpreted and followed by a computer in order for it to complete a complex task in seconds, which would otherwise take a human being considerably longer, forever, or could even be impossible.
- What can you say about complexity in programming?
I would also add that programming is the art of managing and controlling complexity. While enabling computers to perform complex tasks, good programs also set out the instructions (for achieving this) as simply and clearly as possible. This then enables the code to be more easily read, edited, modified, extended etc. by other programmers, and also by the original developers themselves.
- What function do programming languages have?
Yes… and programming languages enable machine code’s obscure binary instructions to be expressed in a higher-level syntax that is much easier for programmers to read, write and understand.
Yes…and the programming languages used today contain pre-established words and symbols which provide ready-made building blocks with built-in solutions for repetitve details and common concepts (e.g. the keywords while and for can be used to create different types of loops for iteration). At the same time, programming languages also still provide the flexibility to create personalised building blocks.
Programming languages are therefore easier and more efficient for programmers to work with than machine code: they can concentrate on the bigger picture , organise their thoughts more easily, work with more clarity, and control complexity more effectively.
I hope you find this additional information helpful and interesting 
Keep on learning! 
Excellent answer sir! really well documented! keep it like that please!
Carlos Z.
A program is a set of precise instructions, telling the computer what to do.
Programming can be very tedious and frustrating but is well worth the time and effort, because you can create programs that facilitate functions that would take a long time otherwise.
it simplifies the communication of instructions between the programmer and the computer/program.
They have almost no relation to each other.
ECMAScript and JavaScript at the same thing, interchangeable names.
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What is a program?
A set of instruccions telling the computer what to do. -
What can you say about complexity in programming?
It can be built up without control. -
What function do programming languages have?
Tell the computer what to do -
What is the relationship between Java and Javascript?
There is no relationship between them. -
What is ECMAScript and how is it related to Javascript?
ECMAScript is the same thing as Javascript.
- What is a program?
A piece of text that contains data and instructions to tell the computer what to do. - What can you say about complexity in programming?
Programmers need too keep the complexety onder control to not lose oversight of the program they are writing. This can be hard depending on the goal of the program. - What function do programming languages have?
To help the programmer to talk about the actions that the computer has to perform. - What is the relationship between Java and Javascript?
They are both programming languages. Other then that they are not related. - What is ECMAScript and how is it related to Javascript?
They are two names for the same language. ECMAScript is the name after Javascript got standardized by the Ecma International.
WoW @jon_m thank you for taking the time and adding extra information. This is amazing feedback and am very keen to learn more about programming…
I have noted the points and i appreciate the way you simplified it to get a better detailed grasp of the details on the questions. I am completely new to programming starting from 0 knowledge and am enjoying every min.
Thank you so much Jon for taking the time and helping me get a greater understanding.
still long way to go but i will get there. 
- What is a program?
A set of precise instructions telling a computer what to do
- What can you say about complexity in programming?
Complexity can grow as the size and scope of a program does. Keeping a program’s complexity under control is the main problem in programming, and a artful programmer is one who can manage/control this complexity.
- What function do programming languages have?
Programming languages remove some mundane tasks, and operations we don’t have any interest in (such as physical computer memory).
Programming languages allow the author to describe what the program is doing at a higher level. They provide both convenient standard building blocks, and the ability to create custom building blocks.
- What is the relationship between Java and Javascript?
Almost nothing other than marketing considerations.
- What is ECMAScript and how is it related to Javascript?
ECMAScript is a standardized set of protocols to ensure that all the code running JavaScript is referring to the same language. In that sense, JavaScript=ECMAScript.
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a set of precise instructions telling a computer what to do.
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complexity in programming will make it easy to get lost in the code similar to getting lost in a maze. Keeping programming simple and straight forward will make it easier to manage.
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the way of communicating to a computer what instructions or command you want it to follow.
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Other than the name similarity, nothing. They are two separate programming languages.
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The ECMAScript is a standard document made to describe the way the javascript language should work. ECMAScript is the same language as Javascript and can be used interchangeably in practice
What is a program?
A set of precise instructions telling a computer what to do.
What can you say about complexity in programming?
Programs that are built on top of fundamental rules can become complex, as it creates another set of rules. It’s like building your own a maze hoping you don’t get lost. The art of programming is the skill of controlling complexity.
What function do programming languages have?
A user friendly interface, converting human instructions into binary instructions.
A good programming language helps programmers talk about their actions that a computer has to perform on a higher level.
What is the relationship between Java and Javascript?
Java the name.
JavaScript copied the name Java when it was introduced in 1995 as a marketing consideration as Java was gaining popularity. Both are program languages.
What is ECMAScript and how is it related to Javascript?
ECMAScript scripting language was created to standardize JavaScript by Ecma International. They are two names of the same language.
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What is a program?
– A program is a set of instructions for a computer to carry out -
What can you say about complexity in programming?
– “The art of programming is the skill of controlling complexity.” -
What function do programming languages have?
– “Part of the power of programming languages is that they can take care of uninteresting details for us.”
– “A good programming language helps the programmer by allowing them to talk about the actions that the computer has to perform on a higher level.” -
What is the relationship between Java and Javascript?
– Nothing beyond the name and the fact that they are both programming languages. -
What is ECMAScript and how is it related to Javascript?
– “After its adoption outside of Netscape, a standard document was written to describe the way the JavaScript language should work so that the various pieces of software that claimed to support JavaScript were actually talking about the same language. This is called the ECMAScript standard, after the Ecma International organization that did the standardization. In practice, the terms ECMAScript and JavaScript can be used interchangeably—they are two names for the same language.”
- A programme is a logical list of statements made up of expressions that instruct a computer what to do.
- A good programme will keep its size & complexity under control while performing all the tasks required of it.
- Programming languages take mundane, repetitive details & refine them into functions that work efficiently, are repeatable & understandable & adaptable to the programmer & computer they run on.
- There is no relationship between Java & Javascript. The latter is a seperate language piggy backed its name on the popularity of Java.
- The ECMAscript standard is an alternate name for Javascript. It was a document created by the ECMA international organisation describing the way Javascript should work & provide clarity so that other software that claimed to support Javascript were actually talking about the same language.
- What is a program?
Is a set of precise instructions, that tell the computer what to do.
- What can you say about complexity in programming?
Programming can be complex if we don’t keep it under control. The fundamental rules are simple but programs built on those rules can become too complex.
That s why programming well means controlling complexity.
- What function do programming languages have?
They make possible create a program that help us solving high difficulty problems at a speed that us humans cannot solve.
- What is the relationship between Java and Javascript?
There is no relation because they are two different languages.
- What is ECMAScript and how is it related to Javascript?
Is a standard protocol for softwares that adopt JavaScript. ECMAScript or JavaScript are the same thing with different names.
What is a program?
Scripts of commands and functions automates the computational jobs in algorithmic syntax.
What can you say about complexity in programming?
Programming Language is used for implementing the functions and commands to computers by blocks of code lines and that can be stated in alternative ways of syntax. It is possible to discuss that coding experience includes creativity which the practice is open to alternate. So clean coding and writing minimal makes an application source less complex to read and modify or follow the problems in algorithm later among developers. Considering the likening between computer programming and architecture also gives us idea about the quality of the code is the quality of its functioning as well.
What function do programming languages have?
Transmitting the functional statements to hardware resources.
What is the relationship between Java and Javascript?
No relationship but at least we might say they are both Object Oriented Programming type of languages.
What is ECMAScript and how is it related to Javascript?
ECMAScript is the scripting language specification itself and gets conformed in implementation by JavaScript mostly.
- What is a program?
A set of instructions that instructs the computer to perform a specific task - What can you say about complexity in programming?
It is something to be mindful/wary of. You do not want to make things too complex - What function do programming languages have?
They help us to more easily instruct computers to complete tasks/solve problems at a faster rate than we can as humans. - What is the relationship between Java and Javascript?
There are totally different from one another and not related. - What is ECMAScript and how is it related to Javascript?
They are one in the same and their names can be used interchangeably.
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What is a program? A set of precise instructions telling a computer what to do.
It is a piece of text typed by a programmer,
it is the directing force that makes the computer do what it does, it is data
in the computer’s memory, yet it controls the actions performed on this same
memory. A superficially fitting one is that of a machine—lots of
separate parts tend to be involved, and to make the whole thing tick, we have
to consider the ways in which these parts interconnect and contribute to the
operation of the whole. A computer is a physical machine that acts as a host for these immaterial
machines. Computers themselves can do only stupidly straightforward things.
The reason they are so useful is that they do these things at an incredibly
high speed. A program can ingeniously combine an enormous number of these
simple actions to do very complicated things -
What can you say about complexity in programming? Without care the complexity will grow
out of contol, confusing even the person who created it. Main problem of programmer is keeping
programs under control. The act of programming is the skill of controlling complexity. -
What function do programming languages have? They help the programmer by allowing
them to talk about the actions that the computer has to perform on a higher level.
It helps omit details, provides convenient building blocks (such as while and
console.log), allows you to define your own building blocks (such as sum and
range), and makes those blocks easy to compose. -
What is the relationship between Java and Javascript?
It is important to note that JavaScript has almost nothing to do with the
programming language named Java. The similar name was inspired by marketing
considerations rather than good judgment. When JavaScript was being
introduced, the Java language was being heavily marketed and was gaining
popularity. Someone thought it was a good idea to try to ride along on this
success. Now we are stuck with the name. -
What is ECMAScript and how is it related to Javascript? Same thing different name.
After its adoption outside of Netscape, a standard document was written
to describe the way the JavaScript language should work so that the various
pieces of software that claimed to support JavaScript were actually talking
about the same language. This is called the ECMAScript standard, after the
Ecma International organization that did the standardization. In practice, the
terms ECMAScript and JavaScript can be used interchangeably—they are two
names for the same language.
- It is a piece of text typed by a programmer, it is the directing force that makes the computer do what it does, it is data in the computer’s memory, yet it controls the actions performed on this same memory.
- Keeping programs under control is the main problem of programming, if not taken care of it can be confusing even for programmer who created a program.
- They are helping human beings to communicate with machines and the easier the language the easier communication with machine is.
- The similar name was inspired by marketing considerations rather than good judgment.
- ECMAScript standard - they are two names for the same language.
*Instructions given to a computer in a predefined language.
- Interactions between different data entities by mean of software.the difficulty of these interactions gets exponentially more difficult as the number and type of entities increase.
- Resolving complex problems based on input.
- They are C like programming languages, their name.
- ECMAScript was created by Ecma International. The purpose was to standardize Javascript.
Excellent answers sir, well documented! Please keep them like that
Carlos Z.
What is a program?
A program is many things, it is a piece of text typed by a programmer; it is the directing force that makes the computer do what it does; it is data in the computer’s memory, yet it controls the the action performed on this same memory.
What can you say about complexity in programming?
That if you program without care, the program will increase in size and in complexity making it even confusing for the person who programmed it in the first place.
What function do programming languages have?
It helps the programmer by allowing them to talk about the actions that the computer has to perform on a higher level.
What is the relationship between Java and Javascript?
Almost nothing, the similar name was inspired by marketing considerations rather than by good judgement.
What is ECMAScript and how is it related to Javascript?
After the widespread adoption of JS a standard document was written to describe the way the language should work to make sure the various pieces of software that claimed to support JS were actually talking the same language. This is called the EMCA Script