when two miners in the bitcoin network solve a block at the same time who evers block out of the two miners is first in contact with a third miner will be the new block in the bitcoin network.
a stale block is when two miners solve a block at the same time, one of them is chosen to be the trusted block on the bitcoin network as the other block will discarded in the bitcoin network thus being the stale block.
a stale block occurs when two miners solve a block at the same time thus taking a third miner to determine whos block will be accepted on the bitcoin network. the other block will be discarded making it a stale block.
it is important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction just in case two miners solved that one block that had your transaction on it, you have to wait for at least 6 blocks to make sure your transaction is accepted by everyone one the network.