Homework on Stale Blocks

Blockchain and Bitcoin 101
#3812

  1. The blocks get confirmed and if both are confirmed they both stay until another block comes into the chain and is longer (which may have more computational power that has gone into it/ faster hash rate). Then in turn the block that split off that has less block and less computational power would be orphaned. All transactions in those orphaned blocks will go back to the mem pool.

  2. A stale block is a dropped block from the block chain.

  3. A stale block occurs when it is not confirmed as many times as a competing block and is dropped. Blocks need 6 confirmations.

  4. If there is no chain formulating then you are more likely to have a stale block. You need to wait for 6 confirmations to make sure your block doesn’t go stale.

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#3813

1.The longest blockchain will win, the shortest will be orphaned and dropped.
2. Orphaned block on the shortest blockchain where there has been another version of the truth that has been accepted by the decentralised nodes.
3. By two version of the truth or blockkchains being produced or propagated in the network and maybe blocks being produced prior to the 10 mins. Blocks being produced prior to six confirmations and prior to the correct version of the truth having the chance to propagate through the network.
4. It is important o see if that chain has been accepted by the decentralised network. The more confirmations the longer the block-chain length. The longest block-chain is the one that is accepted as the greatest version of the truth so miners extent it more by resolve the nonce for the next block reward.

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#3814
  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?

When two miners solve two blocks at the same time, both blocks are true, but sooner or later only one version of the blockchain will be accepted, the bigger version because it is more secure than the shorter version, it has more proof of work.
In the shorter version of the blockchain we will have the stale blocks.

  1. What is a stale block?

The stale blocks are blocks that were accepted and brodcasted to the blockchain, but that returns to the mempool because they where on the shortest version of the blockchain that is also a truth version, but when this happens, we always choose the larger versio n because it is more secured.

  1. How do stale blocks occur?

Occurs when two blocks are broadcasted at the same time, when that occurs, they need to keep getting the next block in both situations, so the version that guess the next block or the next blocks quicker will be aprovved and the blocks on the other one will become Stale Blocks and will return to the mempool.

  1. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?

To ensure that your transaction is not on a stale block and will be reverted.

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#3815

  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time? These are seen by the nearest nodes and the mining continuos until the longest blockchain wins based on the best PoW.

  2. What is a stale block? It is a block that is dropped from the blockchain

  3. How do stale blocks occur? When two blocks are integrated on the blockchain

  4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction? It is best to wait for 6 confirmation because your block could be dropped from the blockchain

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#3816

  1. When two miners solve a block at the same time both blocks are added to the blockchain and begin to propagate throughout the network. Some nodes will have one version of the blockchain with the block from miner A while other nodes will have another blockchain with the newly added block from miner B.

  2. A stale block is a block that is dropped from the block chain. All transactions within this block are returned to the mempool.

  3. Stale blocks happen when two miners are solving a block at the same time and adding them to the blockchain. In this case there are two versions of the blockchain, and both versions have not completely propogated throughout the network. Some nodes on the network will have one version of the blockchain and the other nodes will have the other version. Later, another miner will solve the next block and add it to one of these two versions. The version that this block is added to will become the recognized version of the blockchain as it has more proof of work. The other version of the blockchain that is no longer recognized will drop the unrecognized block and return its transactions to the mempool.

  4. The rule of thumb is to wait for 6 blocks to be confirmed. This way you can be confident that the block that your transaction is within will remain part of the blockchain and will not be dropped as a stale block.

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#3817

1.both new block will be added to the Bitcoin network.

  1. It is a new block been added to chain and then dropped off from the chain network. All the transactions will move back to mempool

  2. It occur during 2 new block added into network chain at the same time. Then subsequent new block add to one of the this block, the one that has shorter chain will be drop.

  3. This is to ensure the block added is confirmed and not drop become stale block

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#3818

  1. The blockchain will create a fork and now we will have two versions of the truth. The network sooner or later will choose the BC with the most proof of work.

  2. A stale block is a block witch has been dropped by the network because another block witch has been mined in the same time has more POW. The tx will not be lost, will return to the mempool.

  3. When another block witch has been mined in the same time and it has more has more POW.

  4. Just to be sure your tx is not in a orphan block.
    Is recommended to wait 6 confirmations or 6 other blocks to be added to your block of tx.

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#3819
  1. Then there are temporarily two blockchains on the network. One will eventually get eliminated if it ends up being in the shorter blockchain.
  2. A stale block is a block that has been dropped because it isn’t in the longest blockchain, e.g. it will not be accepted as the main chain
  3. Stale blocks occur when a block that has been added to the blockchain, but hasn’t propagated fast enough to be accepted as the main blockchain.
  4. To ensure that everything is synchronized and that mining is being done on the latest block
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#3820

When two miners solve at the same time and they are both accepted by the blockchain there are two versions of truth for a short period of time. One group of nodes has one veron of the next block and another group of nodes has a different version of the next block. This only lasts until the next miner who is accepted chooses one of the blocks to chain to.
2. A stale block is a block that was accepted as the new block to the blockchain, but was eventually discarded from the blockchain. All of the transactions are then sent back to the mempool.
3. Stale blocks occur when two blocks are created and accepted to the blockchain at the same time. A miner used the second block to chain to, so the first block is discarded and the transactions are sent back to the mempool. It is no longer a apart of the blockchain.
3. It is important because you only know if a block is truly permanent when you see a new block chained to it. It is possible that your transaction could be on a stale block & sent back to the mempool.

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#3821

1.What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
When 2 miners solve the block at the same time there are now 2 versions of the truth or the block on the blockchain for a period of time. Once miner c comes along and is trying to get his block onto the blockchain and bases his block off of the truth of blocks a or b which ever one he goes with depending on the data received from network nodes will continue as the new blockchain because it is the longest and shows the most POW and the shorter chain will be dropped and all transactions on those blocks return to the mempool.
2. What is a stale block?
A stale block is a block that is dropped from the blockchain and has all of its transactions returned to the mempool.
3.How do stale blocks occur?
Stale blocks occur when two miners solve a block at the same time and both block are added to the blockchain. Once miner c comes along and is trying to get his block onto the blockchain and bases his block off of the truth of blocks a or b which ever one he goes with depending on the data received from network nodes will continue as the new blockchain because it is the longest and shows the most POW and for the other a stale block is created.
4.Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
To make sure the block that the transaction is on does not get dropped and returned to the mempool. It is good practice to wait for at least 6 other confirmations after yours.

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#3822
  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
  • both blocks are valid, but network accepts the longest blockchain and continues with one of the 2 blocks (depends on the next block and it’s node/miner). the other block, which was not accepted, is stale/orphaned/dropped and its transactions go back into the memorypool/mempool.
  1. What is a stale block?
  • stale blocks were in the blockchain at one time on some nodes, but then got dropped because of answer 1.
  1. How do stale blocks occur?
  • when two miners solve a block at the same time - see answer 1.
  1. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
  • to avoid stale drops. the best practice is to wait for 6 confirmations until the transaction is really confirmed
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#3823

1, 2, 3.
Both blocks spreads through the network. Nodes will accept the first valid block and miners will continue to mine from that block. Both nodes and miners can choose any valid block, but there is no problem if the network is split between two versions for a bit. Although there is an incentive to choose the block that will remain valid in the future so if they have any information that tells them which block is more likely to persist they would likely act on it.
One version of the blockchain will eventually become longer than the other and all the blocks mined on the shorter blockchain since the split will be dropped since they are no longer valid. These blocks are called stale blocks.

To make sure that your transaction is not dropped later due to being included in a stale block it is prudent to wait until there have been a number of additional confirmations in the form of new blocks before trusting that your transaction is valid.

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#3824
  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
  • each propagate to the closest nodes on the network until another miner appends to their bock to become the longest chain; the longest chain is selected by the network due to the most PoW
  1. What is a stale block?
  • a block that has not been accepted due to being part of a shorter chain
  1. How do stale blocks occur?
  • when 2 or more blocks are successfully created only one of those will eventually be appended to the block chain; all others are stale blocks
  1. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
  • because the longest chain with the most proof of work will be added to the block chain and all others will be stale
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#3825

  1. Theone thats most POW POW gets accepted and the other goes to the mempool

  2. When two miners solve a block at the same time

  3. Stale blocks are blocks thst get dropped due to a longer blockchain

  4. Wait 6 blocks to minimise arguments with stale blocks so that they wont propogate until new block is out

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#3826
  1. Both blocks are appended to the chain temporarily till the next block. The block in the longest chain is then maintained whilst the other is considered stale/orphaned
  2. A stale block is one that was dropped from the shorter chain. The transactions in this block are returned to the mempool.
  3. Stale blocks occur when two blocks are produced at the same time and one is subsequently dropped as above
  4. It is important so as to be certain the block containing your transactions has not become a stale block. Best practice is to wait for at least 6 confirmations.
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#3827
  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?

They both begin propagating there blocks through the network until a longer chain is determined and a fork is chosen and the correct block is confirmed.

  1. What is a stale block? A valid block that was attached to a dead end fork of the blockchain. This blocks transactions move back to the mempool.

  2. How do stale blocks occur? When another block gets chosen for the network supported line of the blockchain.

  3. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction? This ensures that their isn’t two versions of the blockchain competing in the network. By waiting 10 minutes this helps make sure that multiple confirmations are choosing a more complete longer blockchain.

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#3828
  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?

A temporary fork is created. After the next block or blocks have been appended, the longer chain (one with more PoW) continues on the blockchain, and beginning at the fork, the one or more blocks become stale and the contents (transactions) are returned to the mempool.

  1. What is a stale block?

An orphaned or stale block was dropped from the block chain because another version of truth was accepted by the nodes, and that other version was on the longer chain.

  1. How do stale blocks occur?

a) Two versions of truth propagate when two or more miners simultaneously guess a nonce that produces a hash that is below the target. (The nonce, data, and previous block’s hash are hashed together.)
b) A block is produced faster than 10 minutes and the previous block didn’t fully circulate and sync.
c) There was an intentional programming change (network protocol update) inserted into the blockchain.

  1. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?

To verify that a stale block hasn’t occurred and if one has, to verify that your transaction was on the accepted chain and not returned to the mempool.

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#3830
  1. Both blocks will be added parallel to the last block ( kind of a fork). The block after will decide which is the right path, by making the chain longer.
  2. A stale block, is a block which was added to the chain, but was removed, because the other chain was longer.
  3. Happens if two miners solve the puzzle at the same time. So both blocks are added parallel to the block, but one chain is not used.
  4. Because the transaction could be in the stale block. So they chain won´t be used and the transaction goes back into the pool.
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#3832

hey, it’s possible to edit your post, just click on the pencil :slight_smile:

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#3833

Thank you! I revised my original and deleted the subsequent post!

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