Homework on Stale Blocks

  1. When two miners solve a block at same time, both block are put nodes, however the one that has the longest string of blocks wins and other gets dropped and sent back to mempool.
  2. A stale block or orphaned block is a block that is dropped from the blockchain network.
  3. Stale blocks occur when there is two blocks created at the same time and one has longest string of blocks and the other doesn’t so therefore is dropped from the network.
  4. Its important to wait for more then one block to confirm validity of transaction.
1 Like
  1. Two separate versions of the blockchain are propagated until another block is mined. That version will be accepted and the other version will be dropped, with its unique transactions returned to the mempool.
  2. A stale block is a block which was dropped due to item 1 above.
  3. See item 1 above.
  4. Assurance is needed that your transaction will not become a stale (invalid) block.
1 Like
  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
    When two miners solve a block at the same time there will be a split in the blockchain where there are two truthful versions of the blockchain. They will continue and whichever block appends the next on that chain first will continue and be accepted as the new blockchain and the other blocks that were appended at one time and no longer valid will be dropped. These blocks can be called orphaned or stale blocks.
  2. What is a stale block?
    Stale/orphaned blocks are blocks that were once on the blockchain for a period of time on a number of nodes but were dropped because another blockchain existed and continued producing more blocks faster than the blockchain that these nodes were on for a period of time.
  3. How do stale blocks occur?
    Stale blocks occur when a number of miners find the solution at the same time and try to append their block on the blockchain. They will both be accepted but whichever block continues and finds solutions for faster will be the new accepted blockchain and the other blocks that occured after the split will be dropped resulting in “stale” or “orphaned” blocks
  4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
    It is important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction because your block can still be dropped if it no longer is on the longest blockchain and another blockchain becomes the new accepted blockchain which will drop your block and kick out all those transactions back onto the mempool. It is best practice to wait until your transaction has 6 confirmations before you should consider your block confirmed and begin to spend those coins.
1 Like
  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
    Both of them start to propagate their own block into the network and after a period of time, one is going to dropped back, transactions go back to the mempool.

  2. What is a stale block?
    Stale block was once in the blockchain, however it is dropped, because another block or block series accepted by the largest part of the network.

  3. How do stale blocks occur?
    Like in the first question example, two miners solve a block at the same time and start to propagate into the network.

  4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
    Because the network can drop your transaction despite once it appeared in the block, because if the network accepts another upcoming blockchain, then your block becomes an orphaned block and could be dropped.

1 Like
  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?

The network temporarily forks with both blocks appended. However ultimately one block will win, the longest block i.e. the block that has been appended by the most blocks, generally the rule is when 6 other blocks have been appended and confirmed then your block is good. The shorter block will be dropped and becomes a stale block.
2. What is a stale block?
A stale block is one that has been network as it was the shorter of 2 competing blocks and had less POW. Upon being dropped these stale blocks return to the mempool.

  1. How do stale blocks occur?

Stale blocks occur when 2 competing blocks join the blockchain simultaneously. The stale block is the shorter one which the network drops in favour of the larger one with more POW.

  1. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?

It is important to wait for more than one block to confirmed, and generally the rule is to wait for 6, to ensure that your block is not a stale block.

1 Like
  1. For a brief moment there are two versions of the blockchain within the proximity of that miner.

  2. A stale block is a block that gets removed due to a new block being attached to the other block in case two blocks were generated at the same time. The chain is picked with the most amount of blocks so if your block was not included in the chain, it will be deleted and all of the transactions will go to the mempool.

  3. A stale block occurs when you have two blocks generated at the same time and one of those blocks does not get included in the longest chain, after those simultaneous blocks

  4. Because your transaction could be in the stale block

1 Like
  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
    The blocks are picked up by different nodes closest to them as two different versions of the truth. the block from the longest chain (greatest proof of work) will eventually win and the other block will be dropped as an orphan block and its transactions returned to the mempool.
  2. What is a stale block?
    A stale block is the same as an orphan block which is dropped as above.
  3. How do stale blocks occur?
    when the block is dropped due to another block being created at the same time and being accepted as part of the blockchain.
  4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
    Waiting ensures that the transaction will succeed instead of being rejected due to another concurrent, competing block being accepted instead.
1 Like
  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
  • The one with longest chain will be validated and connected to blockchain.
  1. What is a stale block?
  • The one with shortest chain which was not accepted by network and all transactions will be returned to the mempool.
  1. How do stale blocks occur?
  • When two seperate validated blocks are appended to the blockchain at the same time.
  1. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
  • To ensure having enough time the transaction not stale, since 6 blocks are required the transaction to be validated.
1 Like
  1. When two miners solve a block at the same time, independent nodes keep working to propose their version of the block and the fastest nodes and longest chain wins.

  2. A stale block (or orphaned) is a non-winning, non-accepted block that goes into Mempool.

  3. Stale blocks occur because they are competing blocks that get dropped without six confirmations by the network.

  4. It is important to wait for more blocks to be confirmed because it takes six new blocks to be created before confirmation.

1 Like
  1. We have to wait for 6 confirmations to be sure we are in the longest chain. On the other side, the competing chain will be dropped and the transaction data will be sent back to mempool.
  2. Stale block is the chain of the block that has not appended more than 6 blocks afterward because the competing chain wins the longest chains.
  3. Because there is a time when 2 miners append the valid blocks to the blockchain. Those 2 chains will compete to be the longest chain to be continuing the chains.
  4. To make sure that our transaction is in the longest chain and won’t be dropped.
2 Likes
  1. both are added to the block chain until one is dropped because it is no longer part of the longest chain and transactions are returned to the mempool.
  2. blocks that have been dropped
  3. It occurs because it is not part of the longest chain
  4. In case it is a stale block therefore it is important to wait for 6 confirmations
1 Like
  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
    The blocks start to propagate in two different versions of the blockchain.

  2. What is a stale block?
    A stale block is a block that doesn’t get appended to the longest blockchain in the network. The blockchain with the true version of truth.

  3. How do stale blocks occur?
    Stale blocks occur when miners solve and validate blocks at the same time, and start propagating them to the nodes in the network. They are part of the shortest chain. Stale blocks will be removed and its transactions will return to the mempool, where they will be added to new blocks.

  4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
    Because this will help maintain the security of the network. Since the information travels physically through all the computers across the world, the network needs to sync completely in order to verify a block, and prepare to receive the next one.

2 Likes
  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
    When two miners solve a block at the same time, the chain splits into two chains, the longest chain is added to the main chain, the other chain is stale (dropped) and transactions from that chain are added back to mempool.

2. What is a stale block?
A stale block is in chain that was rejected and was not added to the main chain

3. How do stale blocks occur?
Stale blocks occur when two concurrent blocks are solved. A shorter chain will be rejected and a new block in that chain is dropped = becoming a stale block.

4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
At a certain moment, it is possible that two versions of truth exist, so it is important to wait for more confirmations. It is also possible that nodes closer to block creators node may validate that block because of the shorter distance. So it is important to wait for more validations.

1 Like

1.If two miner would solve a block at the same time there would be two versions of the blockchain. For the moment they would coexist but at some point when one of these two chains gets bigger than the other the shorter one will get dropped and the transactions would return to the mempool.

  1. When you have the two versions of the blockchain the shorter one will be dropped. The transactions on the shorter one (which have already been confirmed ) are called stale blocks.

  2. Stale blocks occur when two miner are producing blocks at the exact same time. If the mining difficulty would always stay the same and and the blockchain couldn’t keep up with syncing the data to all the nodes worldwide, more stale blocks would occur.

  3. Its important to give the blockchain time to sync all the data so that stale blocks don’t occur.

2 Likes

1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
Two versions of the blockchain will concur until the next block is mined. The one with the longest blockchain will prevail over the other one.

2. What is a stale block?
A stale block (also called “orphaned block”) is a block that was discarded by the network since a longer version of the blockchain existed.

3. How do stale blocks occur?
When a block is mined, it takes time to broadcast it to the entire network. In the meantime, another miner can also solve the cryptographic puzzle and mine a block, creating two versions of the blockchain. Eventually one version will prevail, creating stale blocks in the process.

4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
When sending or receiving a transaction, it is better to wait for 6 confirmations in order to be sure the block (containing your transaction) is not rejected by the network (to avoid a stale block).

2 Likes

#1 Then the miner with the longest blockchain will be chosen.

#2 Stale blocks are good blocks that go get dropped due to not having the longest chain.
#3 When 2 miners solve a block at the same time.
#4 To prevent your block from going stale or orphaned.

1 Like
  1. The blockchain will split in two temporarily until one is discarded.

  2. A stale block is a block that was dropped from the blockchain.

  3. When two miners solve a block at the same time the blockchain splits in two. One will eventually win, the one that forms the longest chain. The stale block is the block that loses and is then discarded with all the TX that will go back to the mempool.

  4. To prevent a stale block from occurring.

1 Like
  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
    Both blocks are accepted as valid and are used in the blockchain
  2. What is a stale block?
    When two blocks are accepted as valid at the same point on the blockchain, the block with the most difficulty (lowest hash? - actually Ivan wasn’t very clear on this but he did say it wasn’t the one with the longest chain) is accepted and the other rejected.
  3. How do stale blocks occur?
    These are the rejected blocks when more than one exists for the same node
  4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
    To ensure that the block containing the transaction is not rejected and therefore becomes a stale (aka orphaned) block. If this happens the transaction will not be confirmed and will be returned to the mempool
2 Likes

1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
Two versions of the truth exist until another miner appends to one version, making it the longer chain, then it will become the only version of the truth accepted by the network.

2. What is a stale block?
Blocks that have been removed/dropped by the network.

3. How do stale blocks occur?
This happens due to competing blocks on longer chains being accepted on the network.

4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
To ensure there are no stale blocks in the chain and only one version of truth exists and then all nodes agree

1 Like
  1. one of them will be dropped out depends on the next 6 confirmed blocks.

  2. is a valid block that has been dropped because it was done in the same time of another block but the other block propagated faster and its block chain became longer and confirmed.

  3. when block are solved at same time one will survive and one will be dropped depends on the validation and blocks coming after it.

  4. to make sure that this is the original confirmed longer chain with bigger data

1 Like