Homework on Stale Blocks

  1. When two miners solve the block at the same time, one of the will be dropped from the blockchain which is dependent upon the next miner and who he chooses, by this the longest blockchain of similar nonce difficulty will join the network.

  2. A stale block is a block that was once in a blockchain but was dropped because a longer chain of blocks was accepted by the blockchain.

  3. A stale block occurs when two miners solve a valid block at approximately the same time and one of the blocks has to drop because the blockchain chooses the other block and the stale block transactions are shifted to the mempool.

  4. To see and confirm if the block has been accepted into the blockchain, so it is best to wait for 6 confirmations which makes the chain long enough for it to be chosen in the network.

1 Like
  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time? When 2 miners solve a block at the same time the block in the longest chain wins and the other block is gets put back to the mempool.

  2. What is a stale block? It’s an orphan block that went back to the mempool. It was dropped from the blockchain.

  3. How do stale blocks occur? when two miners mine a valid block around the same time and it’s the block with the shorthest chain.

  4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
    It needs to wait for 6 confirmations for it to not be dropped from the blockchain.

1 Like
  1. When two miners in the bitcoin network solve a block at the same time they both get added the blockchain on different nodes but the network selects the longest chain.

  2. A stale block is a block that was accepted into the blockchain but was beat out by a longer chain.

  3. Stale blocks occur when more than one block is accepted onto the blockchain by different nodes the network will select the longest chain and the block that get beat out become stale blocks.

  4. It is important to wait more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving because there may another block accepted on the blockchain on another node as well. If the block your transaction is on doesn’t gain blocks before the other. It will become stale then your transaction will go back to the mempool.

1 Like
  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
    the 2 blocks will be part of the chain. split block
  2. What is a stale block?

it will be removed and will go to mempool cause the next miner will choose the other block
3. How do stale blocks occur?
it’s only valid when it’s part of the block chain and it will be removed when miners mine the other one and it’s called stale block or orphaned

  1. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction? to avoid stale block and be sure it’s 6 more blocks will be ahead
1 Like
  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
    Both blocks (A and B) are added to the blockchain on nodes closest to them, and then propogated out to the network of nodes. This means that some of the nodes in the network will contain one block and the rest of the nodes in the network will contain the other block. Then the next block is added to the chain, and if it is appended to block A, then block B will be dropped.

  2. What is a stale block?
    A stale block is one that was orphaned, so it is one of the blocks that was mined at the same time as another block (A and B from question 1) that is not included in the longest chain.

  3. How do stale blocks occur?
    The stale block occurs from 2 (or more) miners mining a block at the same time and adding it to the block chain at the same time, and then on the addition of subsequent blocks, the stale block is the one not chosen to be part of the blockchain.

  4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
    The suggestion is to wait for 6 blocks to be added, this is because it is possible for 2 miners to mine a block at the same time, and then on the next block 2 miners also mine a block at the same time. I presume mathematically the chances of this occurring more than 6 times is infinitesimal, at which point it is time to buy a lottery ticket!

1 Like
  1. Different nodes have different versions of the blockchain.
  2. A block that was discarded, because it wasn’t in the longest chain.
  3. Two miners mine a block at the same time.
  4. To make sure the block with your tx does not get rejected from the blockchain.
1 Like
  • What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
    We may have two versions of the blockchain even though the largest version in PoW will be the one that will be true.
  • What is a stale block?
    -An orphan block that was once in the blockchain but not anymore,
  • How do stale blocks occur?
    -When they are rejected because the system keep the largest version of the blockchain in which they are not.
  • Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
    -Because the information need to propagate physically through the whole system and try to avoid this orphan blocks.
1 Like

:joy: :rofl: you’re right though!

10 min is more than enough time for a block to propagate to majority of the network. The reason why you should wait is in case your tx end up being in a stale block. :slight_smile:

  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
  • When two miners solve a block at the same time, each produces a block which is appended into the chain causing two versiĂłn of the truth. This is then propagated to nodes close by causing two separate chains to exist briefly. When this occurs, to continue the blockchain, one of these two versions will be the first to have another block added, this becomes the longest chain. The longest chain wins, as the premise of bitcoin is POW.
  1. How do stale blocks occur?
  • Stale blocks occur when as in question 1, in a case where there are two versions of the blockchain through miners mining and adding blocks at the same time. Once one of the two chains becomes longer when it is accepted as the basis of truth and another block added into the chain, the other block then will become redundant. The block is known as a “stale” block and the transactions included into that block are returned to the mempool
  1. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
  • As we have mentioned, it is posible for two versions on the chain to exist for a brief time, and to ensure time to sync and the integrity of data, so it is important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed.It is usual to wait for 6 confirmations to ensure consensus.
1 Like
  1. Miners will continue to work on the chain with block A and block B, the first to solve the next block will invalidate the other. So if miners find a block after A first block B will be invalidated and the network will continue using the chain with block A

  2. Taking the previous answer example: block B will be a stale block. At some point it was valid an part of the network and then it was discarded.

  3. Stale blocks occur when 2 versions of the chain are coexisting because 2 miners have found the next block at the same time

  4. So we can confirm the transaction was not confirmed on a stale block

1 Like
  1. When 2 miners solve the block at the same time than it depends sonner or later comes 3rd miner and decide which block he will choose for building longer chain PoW.
  2. and 3. Stale block is block which was created but not added to blockchain in cases there were 2 or more blocks created at same time with nounce lower than target. By removing block it will appear in mempool. Stale blocks are dropped blocks, they were on blockchain one time but they got dropped because there were another version of truth and this version of truth is longer.
  3. To wait for more than 1 block to be confirmed with your transaction is important because you don´t know which version of truth will be chosen at the end and if for example there are 6 new block after block of your transaction there is very low probability that this blocks will became stale blocks and will be removed from blockchain to mempool.
1 Like
  1. It’s possible for both blocks to be added to the blockchain, but only one of the two will remain after more blocks are added.

  2. A stale block is a block that was once part of the blockchain but was eventually removed

  3. Stale blocks occur when two blocks are added to the blockchain at the same time. One of the two will become a stale block if the blockchain continued on the other block, the stale block is eventually dropped off the network

  4. It’s important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed to allow enough time for all nodes to have an updated and consistent copy of the blockchain.

1 Like
  1. -It will have 2 competing versions of truth.
    -We will see the chain divided into two valid ends.
    -The longer block will win and the other will become the orphan.

  2. It’s a block that was dropped/discarded due to an occurrence(another longest version of truth) of a fork.

  3. -When two miners mine a valid block approximately at the same time.

  4. -New blocks are spread throughout the whole network of nodes in order to achieve consensus and continue building new blocks. If blocks are created too fast, more stale blocks will be created, and this needs to be minimized.

1 Like
  1. When 2 miners solve a block simultuneously 2 versions of blockchain (versions of truth) appear on the network. Later on a new miner will add another new block to one of the 2 previous versions, and, thus it will become longer, which, in turn will route all other successive blocks to a longer chain. TRXs, that were embedded into a block on a shorter chain will be returned to Mempool untill further validation by network

  2. A stale block is the block, that stalled on the shorter version of the blockchain.

  3. Staleblocks appear as described in my answer to question (1)

  4. It is important to wait for more, than one block to be confirmed because the PoW concept, embedded in to blockchain protocol, will always route newly generated blocks to be appended to a longer chain. TRX will become confirmed after 6 more newly generated blocks are generated and appendded to a chain. This approach allows to fix the Stale blocks problem.

1 Like

What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time? Importance of 10 minute block time. If two miners solve the cryptographic puzzle at the same time (finding the nonce), then both chain are valid until one is extended further by a block being added. The network always accepts the longest chain. The other block now becomes stale or orphaned so the data in that block is returned to Mempool.

What is a stale block? A block becomes stale or orphaned when a competing block to extended quicker. The data in the stale block is returned to Mempool.

How do stale blocks occur? When two miners solve the cryptographic puzzle at the same time (finding the nonce at the same time).

Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction? A block is confirmed after 6 more blocks are added to the chain. By then all computers on the network must sinked so a target of 10 mins minimizes blocks becoming orphaned as the network will updated within 10 mins.

1 Like

1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?

A stale block will occur. 

2. What is a stale block?

It is a block which has been accepted by the blockchain network at the exact same time as another 
block, one of these blocks will be a discontinued block ( staleblock) and one will be the true block.

3. How do stale blocks occur?

when two miners solve a block at the exact same time.

4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?

When your block is continued by more blocks you can be sure that it is not a stale block.
1 Like
  1. When two miners simultaneously solve a block the chain forks into two valid ends.

  2. A stale block is a block that has been dropped due to the fork.

  3. Stale blocks occur when two miners mine a block at the same time.

  4. If there is a possibility of a forked chain and your TX is in the block that gets dropped then your TX will be sent back to the mempool.

1 Like

What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
Whichever is the first to have (6) blocks added onto it becomes the true blockchain and the other becomes a stale block and transactions are sent back to the mempool.

What is a stale block?
A block that has been dropped because another block was created, then added onto, at the same time.

How do stale blocks occur?
By being dropped from a blockchain as a longer chain is confirmed that the stale block was added to. It is sent back to the mempool for re-mining.

Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
Because there may be more than one block created elsewhere in the world added to the chain that has not made it to the nodes confirming the transactions.

1 Like
  1. When two blocks are solved at the same time, they are both considered valid. Whichever block ends up propagating further will become the chosen block. As the network will always chose the block with the most Pow.

  2. A stale block is a valid block that has been dropped from the network.

  3. Stale blocks occur when the competing block has taken on more adoption and increase it’s chain over the rest. the losing block is dropped from network. Becoming a stale block.

  4. best practice is to wait for at least 6 conformations. To help ensure the transaction does not get attached to a stale block.

1 Like