Homework on Stale Blocks

  1. Two version of truth is produced. The network splits at both ends.

  2. A stale block is the rejected block, when two valid blocks are produced concurrently at the same time.

  3. When two blocks exist concurrently on the network. the block with the longer is usually accepted into the blockchain network. The rejected block with less chain is the Stale block.

  4. To be certain that the transaction is fully accepted in the blockchain network.

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What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
It will be two versions of the Blockchain at that moment

What is a stale block?
Blocks that were dropped from the Blockchain

How do stale blocks occur?
They occur when another version of the Blockchain with more PoW is propagated through the Network

Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
To avoid being in a Stale Block, meaning that your transaction was invalidatedv

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  1. the chain will be split for a period of time until one chain is decided on
  2. A block that is denied and has txns sent back to the Mempool. The block wasn’t on the longest chain.
  3. It occurs when 2 miners add their block to the chain and they propagate to nodes and different times, thus creating two versions of the same blockchain.
  4. Without having more than one block confirmed, there is a chance your block become stale and is sent back to the mempool. This would create an issue if it were confirmed before it’s positive that it’'l be accepted.
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  1. One of the blocks will be dropped if the other propagates at such a rate that a new block is added to it to form the longest chain
  2. Stale block is the one that eventually gets dropped in a blockchain
  3. Stale blocks occur when other competing blocks within the same time frame propagate over the network at such a rate that a new block is added to the competing blocks to form the acceptable longest chain.
  4. To ensure that the block holding your transaction never gets dropped. This is particularly important to the recipient parties in the transactions.
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The block with least difficulty will be blocked and put back in mempool.

Stale Blocks are blocks that are no longer part of the current best blockchain because they were overridden by a longer chain.

When two blocks are mined at approximately same time. Longer chain wins.

It could be orphaned if not enough confirmations in time period. 6 conformations is the magic number.

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  1. In this case there is a competition between two versions of the blockchain. That is one will be allowed which is longer with point of view PoW.

  2. Stale block is a valid block which was once in the network but was dropped out finally because a competing version of the blockchain was taken as a main.

  3. Because your transaction may be in the block, which was mined the same time as another block and the two version will compete with unpredictable winner. If the version with the block, containing your transaction, is abandoned it means that the transaction is still not cofirmed.

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  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
    the chain splits into two chains and the longest chain will win, the other will return to the mempool
  2. What is a stale block?
    when the chain solve a block at the same time, the shortest chain get returned to the mempool
  3. How do stale blocks occur?
    when 2 miners are moving the problem at the same time the network reject the shortest chain
  4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
    to avoid a fork with another miner.
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1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
We have the so called production of “Stale” or “Orphan” blocks.

2. What is a stale block?
Is a block dropped out of the blockchain. It’s transactions are being sent back to the mempool.

3. How do stale blocks occur?
2 miners mine their block at the same time.
Some nodes recognize one block. Some node recognize the other block.
A new miner adds his block to the previous one.
This blockchain becomes the longest.
The other block is automatically refused and become a “stale” block.

4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
It is better to wait for min 6 blocks confirmation in order to avoid a “stale” block situation.
This can make invalid the transaction.
Better to be sure waiting at least 10 minutes.

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  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
    When to miners solve block at the same time both of their blocks get added to different nodes. But then the chain which other miners add to and becomes the longest chain (the one with more PoW) wins. The other block and chain gets dropped and transactions go back to mempool.

  2. What is a stale block?
    Is the block that gets dropped and transactions put back into mempool.

  3. How do stale blocks occur?
    It occurs when 2 miners sold puzzle at same time and their blocks get added to the blockchain. It becomes stale when the chain it is on doesn’t;t become the longest chain (or one with the most Proof of work) and once that happens the block is dropped - becomes stale or orphaned.

  4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
    To guarantee your block gets confirmed and doesn’t become stale or orphaned. waiting for 6 confirmations is recommended.

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More confirmations doesn’t prevent accidental forks and stale blocks from occurring. It only ensures that your tx is not part of it. :slight_smile:

  1. Both blocks can be added to nodes around, but after a while, the smallest of the chains will be orphaned or stale, and the txs in the block goes back to the mempool.

  2. A stale block is a block that got mined at the same time as another, but the other block got picked by the network.

  3. When two blocks are mined at the same time, and one of them has to be removed and the txs has to go back to the mempool.

  4. If the tx happens to go in a stale block, the tx has to be mined again and be put in a new block.

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  1. When two miners solve a block at the same time, these blocks begin to compete with each other. The block that does not belong to the longest chain by the end of the competition will be dropped and returned to the Mempool.

  2. Stale block is the one that is valid but does not belong to the longest chain of blocks.

  3. Stale block may occur in the situation when two valid blocks have been mined at the same time but only one of them will be chosen by the network as a continuation of the blockchain.

  4. It is important to wait for at least 6 block confirmations to make sure that the block will not be rejected and become stale block.

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  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
    The network validates the longest blockchain, inevitably a miner will append another block to one and not the other and the one that makes the chain longer will prevail.
  2. What is a stale block?
    The block that is rejected
  3. How do stale blocks occur?
    when the transaction is not propagated through the network fast enough.
  4. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
    To make sure your block does not get rejected.
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  1. What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?

Miners compete to solve the block first. The miner with the longest chain will be incentivized and the other miner will be dropped from and added to mempool. Cycle restarts.

  1. What is a stale block?

Blocks that were once in the blockchain but got dropped due to another version of a longer blockchain.

  1. How do stale blocks occur?

Two miners propagate a legitimate block to the network.

  1. Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?

Waiting is important as there may be a chance a transaction has been included in a previous block thus creating two chains. As a rule of thumb it is recommended to wait 6 confirmations to be sure that a block is not dropped from the chain. Once one chain has been accepted and added to the blockchain, the other transaction will be dropped and added back to mempool.

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  1. In that case the chain temporarily splits into two valid ends.
  2. A stale block is a part of the blockchain that was dropped from that blockchain because the next coming blocks were not added to it, therefore it was no longer the longest blockchain version.
  3. They occur when two miners hit the hash target at the approx. same time.
  4. Because in that case the block in which Your transaction was stored will not be dropped to the mempool.
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What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?
When 2 miners solve a block at the same time, they will start transmitting the new blockchain across the network, resulting in 2 different chains. And they are both valid, depending to each node we ask. The chain that gets larger first will be considered the one valid, and the blocks from the other chain will be dropped, as well as the transactions that composed that block, back to the mempool.

What is a stale block?
A stale block is a perfectly valid block that was removed from the shorter blockchain.

How do stale blocks occur?
we have more changes to have Stale blocks when the block building time is low, so many blocks are being build at the same time, without having time to propagate the blockchain across all the nodes to validate the larger blockchain. When a larger chain is found, and accepted by all nodes, all previous blocks will be staled.

Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?
The recommendation is to wait at least for 6 blocks, aproximatelly 1h, to guarantee the transaction is in a block which is part of the largest blockchain.

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  1. Temporarily there are two blockchain realities until the longest blockchain settles the truth.
    2-3) Stale block is a valid block that was temporarily in the shorter/“invalid” blockchain so it was dropped/returned to the mempool.
    4)To avoid the transaction being dropped. So wait to be sure that the transaction is in the definite blockchain.
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1). What happens in the bitcoin network when two miners solve a block at the same time?

The miner whose block is in the longer blockchain wins as his block is left in the blockchain while the miner whose block is in the shorter blockchain has his block dropped.

2). What is a stale block
Stale block is a block that was once in a blockchain but later got dropped because another block in the blockchain mined at the same time but belongs in a longer blockchain got appended to the blockchain instead.

3).How do stale blocks occur?

Stale blocks occur when two miners mine two different valid blocks simultaneously with two versions of the truth and both blocks got appended to the blockchain but later the block with a longer blockchain is retained while the other one is dropped from the blockchain.

4). Why is it important to wait for more than one block to be confirmed when sending or receiving a transaction?

Because of the possibility of your transaction being a part of the list of transactions in a stale block.

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  1. Both blocks remain part of the blockchain until another miner accepts one of the branches. Once this happens other miners in succession will attach their blocks to the longest chain.
  2. The block sent back to the mempool after the other fork was accepted.
  3. Blocks which are not accepted to the “main” blockchain are dropped.
  4. To make sure your Tx is not included in a stale block and sent back to the mempool. 6 confirmations are suggested to assure this does not happen.
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  1. Only one is selected as the true block so only the one with the longest chain is selected to be the true block.
  2. The stale block is the other block that was dropped. It gores back unto the mempool.
  3. Stale block occur when more than one miner solves the block at the same time as only is selected to be the true block after confirming which one has the longest chain. The one that is dropped is the Stale block.
  4. To make sure that it is not orphaned.
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