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Soft fork makes previously valid blocks invalid and hard fork makes previously invalid blocks valid.
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Change block size, change block time, consensus change.
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New currency, change of community, new security risks.
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For soft forks, previously valid blocks are made invalid whereas for hard forks, invalid block are made valid.
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A hard fork is used for a change in consensus.
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Hash power is split, which lowers security.
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A soft fork makes previously valid blocks invalid. Needs more than 50% of network to to update to avoid a fork.
A hard fork makes previously invalid blocks valid. Requires 100% of the network to update to avoid a fork will be created. -
To expand the rules of a network and force change. Some reasons to do this are to upgrade the network and make improvements as blockchain technology continues to evolve. To add functionality. To correct security risks.
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Network becomes less secure and more vulnerable to attacks. The risk of a loss of hash power from the original chain. Potential split in community.
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- Hard for makes previous invalid blocks, valid. it expands the chain. soft makes valid blocks invalid and shrinks the chain.
- hardforks can create new rules that are democratic and help the block chain going forward. This could be function like speed of transactions.
- Risks of a hardfork is that is not always accepted and needs a majority. This could split the community.
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Homework on Soft and Hard Forks
1. What is the difference between a softfork and a hardfork?
When the consensus rules are changed, there is a possibility that some miners are still following the old rules as the rule might not propagate soon enough throughout the network. In this case a fork is created, i.e. two blocks are added at the same block height creating a fork, one chain following the new rule and the other following the old rule. Now there are two scenarios:
- Rules are expanded: This means blocks in both chains are following the rules and invalid blocks are also considered as valid. (for example: a rule to increase the block size). This is called HARD FORK.
- Rules are contracted: This means validated blocks will becomes invalid. For this fork miners will have to update their system to remain the part of the blockchain otherwise their blocks will never be validated. (for example: a rule to decrease the block size). This is called SOFT FORK.
2. What are some of the reasons why you would do a hardfork?
If you want to increase the capacity of the system or increase the miners or to create a new blockchain with same history.
3. What are some of the risks with performing a hardfork?
It results in community split and also systems strength/mining power will decrease as miners will spilt as well.
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A hard fork changes the network and makes the previous version invalid a soft fork just updates the network with rule changes.
To add to or upgrade the system
Makes the network open to attack due to the chain split that happens or could happen during the process
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What is the difference between a softfork and a hardfork?
A soft fork is a way to alter the rules of consensus for a blockchain that constricts the ruleset of a blockchain - this allows for
formerly valid blocks to become invalid. A large pro of a softfork is that as long at 50% of hashing power is maintained there will be
no true, or hard, fork. A hard fork is a way to alter the rules of consensus that widens the scope of block validity. If even 1% of all miners are
not updated with the new rule then a true, or hard fork, will occur. The rule of thought is hard forks make formerly invalid blocks valid. -
What are some of the reasons why you would do a hardfork?
A hard fork is more democratic and clear than a softfork. User know what to expect with a hardfork. -
What are some of the risks with performing a hardfork?
Drop in security as some miners immediately become invalid when the split occurrs. Split in the chain and community - possible loss in utility value.
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A Soft Fork update makes previously valid blocks invalid, it contracts the ruleset.
A Hard Fork update makes previously invalid blocks valid, it expands the ruleset. -
To make the crypto faster, the allowed blocksize larger.
A change in consensus rules -
The chain almost indefinitely will split when not 100% of the nodes accept the change, the community and hashpower will split, which makes the chains weaker.
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A Hard Fork makes previously invalid blocks valid. In the example of <=1mb to <=2mp, 1mb transactions are still valid to the updated nodes as it’s within the below or equal to 2mb, but to the none updated nodes 2mb tx are not valid.
A Soft Fork update, makes previously valid blocks invalid, i.e. contracts the rules
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hardfork is when the update expands and softfork when the update shrinks
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change in rules / expanding
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hash power gets split and the community
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What is the difference between a softfork and a hardfork?
Hard forks make previous invalid blocks become valid why soft forks make previous valid blocks invalid -
What are some of the reasons why you would do a hardfork?
To change the consensus rules -
What are some of the risks with performing a hardfork?
Splitting up the blockchain, community, and increasing hash power required
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1 Soft is when you make prev. valid blocks invalid, hard forks is the opposite.
2 For bigger clearer changes, so the community can choose on witch fork to be.
3 Splitting the chain, and the community.
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A hardfork makes previously invalid transactions valid while a softfork makes previously valid transactions invalid.
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If you wanted to split the chain to create a new currency or to change the function of the current one.
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You can split the community, decrease the hash rate and decrease security.
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in a softfork the prev. valid blocks are unvalid
in a hardfork the other way -
to expand the rules of consens
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split the chain, spilt the community
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What is the difference between a softfork and a hardfork? The soft fork means an expansion of the rule set where valid blocks are now invalid and the hard fork means a contraction of the rule sets, invalid blocks are now valid
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What are some of the reasons why you would do a hardfork? You might use a hard fork if you want a clear, democratic way of splitting the chain.
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What are some of the risks with performing a hardfork?
You split the hash power and reduce the security of the chain. You’ll also split the community.
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- What is the difference between a softfork and a hardfork?
- The softfork makes valid blocks invalid, but hardfork makes invalid block valid
- What are some of the reasons why you would do a hardfork?
- New currency, clarity for the consensus rules.
- What are some of the risks with performing a hardfork?
- Reducing the security, split the hash power, reducing the number of miners.
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- Softfork makes previously valid blocks invalid and hardfork does the opposite.
- To clarify the differences between new rules and the old.
3.Reduced security, split community, split chain.
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What is the difference between a softfork and a hardfork? Hard forks expand. Soft forks decrease.
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What are some of the reasons why you would do a hardfork? Make new currency, expand rules, democratic.
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What are some of the risks with performing a hardfork? Splits chain, splits community, reduces security because some miners stay with other fork.
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A soft fork is an update that make a previous valid block invalid, while a hard fork update makes a previous invalid block valid.
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To make the network more democratic and a change in consesus rule.
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The risks involves the hash power split, community split and also chain split.
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- Hardfork: update that makes previously invalid blocks valid.
Softfork: update that makes previously valid blocks invalid. - to make a clear update and create a new currency
- split the chain and community and split the hash power
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