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Describe the concept of public and private key with your own words .
A "public key” is created using a randomly generated “private key”. These 2 numbers are therefore mathematically linked, and can be described as public and private key “pairs”.
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What 2 use-cases can public key cryptography be used for?
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Encryption - Allows us to send messages through open/public networks.
Where an unsecured communication channel is used, there are spectators who can view messages being sent between parties. Messages are encrypted by senders using the receivers public key. The only way these messages can then be decrypted is using the receivers private key. Since private keys are kept secretly, the receiver will be the only person who can decrypt the message.
- Digital Signatures - Used to verify the integrity of a message, digitally.
In cryptocurrencies, another important use of public and private key pairs is in digital signatures. A sender will use their private key to sign the message they are sending. The receiver will then be able to verify the authenticity of the message by confirming that the signature corresponds with the public key of sender.