Homework on Provenance - Questions

Blockchain and Bitcoin 101
#1054

1/ Blockchain creates an immutable record of the chronology of ownership.
2/ Normal databases can be altered and tampered with
3/ Business do not need to rely on trust to transact; they only need to verify (at anytime)

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#1055

Because of the fact that blockchain stores all of the previous transactions within the public ledger. This enables information to be stored without the ability to change it.
2.
A normal database can be manipulated and changed by either by outside intruders or by the admin. This would not be possible with a blockchain because of its inherent features.
3.
It’s is a great benefit becouse of the fact that it can limit the amount of trust that consumers lay on, for example, food suppliers. It will enable a great amount of transparency because of the digital record.

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#1056

Q1: Blockchain enables digital provenance on the blockchain because each verifying node on the network has a complete copy of the blockchain and only has the ability to add transactions never remove or edit transactions. This then offers the ability to track every transaction (in real-time) on the chain which gives rise to Provenance. Meaning keeping track of something with permanent record keeping - FOREVER.

Q2: Normal databases do not bring the same provenance as databases work on the principle of one central copy of the data (centralised) and often offer additional functions such as deletion, editting of the data held in the database. This differs from blockchain as every node on the network has a complete copy of the chain (De-centralised) and ONLY has the function to add to the chain therefore being Immutable.

Q3: Business might find this of great benefit as it eliminates the ability to corrupt the data as complete tracking of each and every transaction on the chain is possible. Thus eliminating human-error and making the whole system ‘Trustless’. It also increases the ability of a business to function in real-time (accounting, finances, stock control, pay-roll etc) enabling greater efficiencies this being more cost effective as every transaction (process) is verified preventing corruption and human-error in the business. Additionally it offers the benefit of no one single point of failure, authority or attack making it more robust and secure.

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#1057

No.1 by creating a database ,ledger which is completely transparent and viewable as a Public ledger to ensure true verification of a transaction
no.2 because the lack of transparency with in there centralized date base
no.3 real time Auditing for one , ability to trace financial transactions instantly , to combine both Accounting and Transaction information in same transaction , decentralized transfers

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#1058

Yes, in sypply chain and other things , oracles are still an issue. But still a huge improvement than in the traditional way.
But transactions in Bitcoin has great provenance to track every Satoshi back to the miner’s coinbase transaction.

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#1059

Than we should reward oracles etcetera to tell the truth and punish them hard if they are catched with tempering qr codes or something. In hyperledger Sawtooth, I learned a cool way to use sypply chain. But with a permission based Distributed Ledger among a consortium of businesses. Not really a blockchain. But some database with some kind of consensus among those partical businesses.

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#1060

1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
By its being a network of completely transparent, decentralised, synchronised and immutable ledgers that add new information on top of the existing records in real time.

2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
A normal database is centralised, mostly opaque and can be subject to arbitrary change.

3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
It removes the need for trust between the parties as well as external auditing and replaces it by the option of mutual verification.

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#1061

  1. By making all transactions of an object or service visible on a public ledger and enabling anyone to view them. This allows anyone to trace the origin and processes of anything through viewing these transactions.

  2. A normal database is very opaque, where all transactions are stored in a hidden database only accessible by the respective people who created them. In most cases, if people want to view these transactions, they have to audit the company to track each transaction and even then, there may be missing transactions not logged into the system due to negligence and no one knows what happened and there may be no way to track it if it happened awhile ago.

  3. digital provenance provides a fast and trustless way to check the origin and processes of any product, which allows for easy and fast problem tracing or auditing, without needing to rely on the business itself to disclose potentially false information.

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#1062
  1. Blockchain by being “digital stone” keeps all the records made without possibility of false data or any manipulation on it. Since, it keeps all the records verified by the net, it provides full history from the very first input till this moment.
  2. Normal data base relies on trust, so it could be easily manipulated, plus it don’t provide live time data.
  3. It makes all the processes transparent, completely trackable and due to decentalization removes trust issue and dependance on one authority.
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#1063
  1. Blockchain enables digital provenance by having a transparent verifiable decentralised database/ledger of all transactions. These cannot ever be deleted or changed but can only be viewed.

2.Normal database is not linked to every part of a transaction and therefore cannot guarantee or prove its origin or correctness.

  1. Main benefit to businesses of digital provenance is that it can guarantee to itself and its customers the origin of ingredients of its product through digital independent verification therefore not requiring trust.
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#1064

1.- How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
we can track each transaction in real time. Traditional audits preformance dsappears. It allows keep track on accounting and transaction.
2.- Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
Traditional database could be manipulated and hacked and need to be audit by external resources
3.- Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
Because is not based on trust. You just need verify processes based on maths

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#1065

  1. Blockchain enables digital provenance by storing every transaction in an immutable network of decentralised ledgers accessible to anyone everywhere there is an internet connection.

  2. Normal databases are centralised and usually private, the only way to check the data stored inside is by auditing. Moreover, they can be easily manipulated by the ones who create them.

  3. Transparency is the biggest benefit, followed by real-time auditing and traceability

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#1066

  1. Blockchain allows only adding information to a open verifiable public ledger database.

  2. A normal database allows previous information to be removed or altered as well as added to.

  3. Digital provenance provides trust-less tracking of transactions which can be verified on an open
    public ledger.
    The Transaction layer and Auditing Layer can now be in one place.

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#1067

1 The blockchain enables provenance by distinguishing every aspect of the transaction or product.
It doesn’t only register when the transaction is done, but also where the transaction is for.
You can basically store all the information you want in that same transaction or product. This allows you to verify each and every transaction or product, that ultimately allows you to eliminate trust.

2 This is because the architecture of the foundation of a normal data base doesn’t allow you to store more information in a single transaction.
In fact, the architecture allows you to make a copy or even delete a transaction.
This doesn’t allow you to verify properly or eliminate trust.

3This allows every individual to trust the product that they have purchased to resell.
Digital provenance also eliminates trust parties or middleman, resulting in a cost reduction.

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#1068
  1. All the necessary data is written in the database.
  2. A normal database is based on trust and a third party is involved.
  3. You can fit all necessary info into one database and it’s trustless.
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#1069
  • How does blockchain enable digital provenance?

Through the nature of blockchain being a digital, immutable ledger that is verified by a network of computers, any transaction or exchange of value has to be agreed upon by the network in order for the value to be exchanged.

  • Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?

Traditional databases are typically centralized and are able to be manipulated/altered, therefore they do not have the same trustless capabilities in verifying provenance.

  • Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?

The ability to not have to rely on intermediaries can allow businesses to use the network to verify business claims of other companies etc, therefor allowing accurate traceability in real time.

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#1070

1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?

Blockchain is a network of computers with, a their own copy of the blockchain. You can not remove, only add information into the blockchain. By connecting the public digital ledgers in a network they will keep track of every transaction and verify information to its own copy of the blockchain. Once verified and accepted its part of the blockchain and cannot be changed or removed, and open for everyone to see.

2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?

A normal database is centralised and has no network of computers with a complete copy of the chain, that can verify every transactions. Also, you can edit and remove data from a regular database, that is not possible with the blockchain - where its only possible to add. That makes it open, transparent and trustless.

3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?

You remove the need of trust in the value chain. Every one can always verify that the data in the blockchain is correct , and therefore you don’t need to trust anyone. Corruption, stealing and cheating will be much more difficult, if not impossible.

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#1071

1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?

Blockchain enables digital provenance because every transaction is verified by the network and then stored forever, open for all to see.

2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?

Because a normal database is centralized and owned by a third party, often closed to the public to inspect and can therefore be manipulated by the owner or other keyholders.

3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?

It solves the problem with trust in regard to origin, authenticity and production. With digital provenance, people can see the whole chain in any industry and knowing that the information is valid.

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#1072

  1. Blockchain enables digital provenance because it is decentralised and efficient therefore all transactions or data can be traced and verified. And also it is immutable and transparent.

  2. A normal database cannot bring the same provenance because there is a central authority involved therefore it can be controlled and manipulated according to their wishes, and there is a lot of trust involved.

  3. Digital provenance provides great benefit to businesses because it is more efficient and all data can be verified and traced without the involvement of any third parties. It is also transparent and safe.

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#1073

  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
    Every transaction cannot be removed from the blockchain system (like a digital stone) so this allows transparency and traceability. This is supported also because the system is decentralized and the database are open to the public.

  2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
    Normal database typically have a governmental institution or somebody that can hypothetically manipulate the system. As you explained the example of the food ingredients, this creates trust issues because we are unsure of what we eat.

  3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
    Digital provenance provides traceability, transparency, immutability and real-time auditing.

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