Homework on Provenance - Questions

Blockchain and Bitcoin 101
#792
  1. It like a digital stone, which all data base cannot be removed. We don need any third party controlling on it.
  2. Because normal database can be erased and run by authorities.
  3. Because ledger is always ready and monitored by block chain. It is a also an independent access and all database are stored .
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#793

Homework on Provenance - Questions

1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?

  • by enabling transactions and its source (provenance) to be transparently recorded in a way it can:
    a) be available for anyone (public)
    b) be audit at anytime (real-time)
    c) be verified without relying on third-parties (“don’t trust, verify”)

2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?

  • In contrast to point 1) a normal databases commonly:
    a) is not available to anyone. Is geographically restricted and/or only a defined number of users have access to it.
    b) cannot be audited by anyone. Its format is mostly proprietary and requires a given set of tools to access the information contained within.
    c) verification allows validation the ‘current’ content of the database, but it poorly allows to ensure the current state has not been manipulated and/or that the current state is the logical consequence of the previous states of the system. It requires a given ‘trust’ on the current state.

3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?

  • it provides transparency to the complete supply chain, without relying on third-party. It ensures each of the steps from its origin (i.e. raw materials) until the final product reach the end-customer is tracked, recorded and publicly available at anytime.
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#794
  1. Blockchain enable digital provenance thew enabling ease of tracking it, by encrypting every transaction permanently.
  2. Normal database can be compromised.
  3. Real time auditing.
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#795

  1. Blockchain enables digital provenance through the use of the public ledger. It is immutable and therefore is a verifiable and trusted source of information in terms of the history of whatever product has been recorded on it

  2. Normal databases do not bring the same provenance as a blockchain because they are controlled by a central authority and can be changed whenever that authority decides to do so. There can also be technical malfunctions that cause the loss of data, as well as the possibility of malicious outside forces (hackers) being able to penetrate the network and change whatever they desire. For these reasons they can’t always be 100% trusted.

  3. Digital provenance is a great benefit for businesses because the business (and its patrons) can verify what they are actually purchasing. It has the ability to eliminate liability concerns, as well as make sure that the product the business is receiving is of the highest quality all the way down the line of production. It also allows for extra security and protection from outside (and inside) forces, which may try to attack or change information on the network.

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#796

  1. Blockchain enables digital providence because it you cannot cheat it. everything added to the blockchain can be taken apart and looked at.

  2. A database does not bring the same provenance because in a normal database you can edit and delete data as to where in a blockchain you can only add data not delete or edit it.

  3. Digital Provenance provides such a great benefit to businesses because it make tracking and auditing of transactions easier as it combines the transaction with the with accounting. The biggest thing is, you can see the history of your transactions and where it has come from

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#797
  1. Blockchain enable digital provenance by tracing all transactions that can be viewed by anyone at any time.
  2. This is not auditable by anyone at any time.
  3. Any can view these so an audit can be done every second if required thus keeping an up to the minute record of accounts and transactions.
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#798
  1. Blockchain can record and trace digital transactions (financial, supply chain, …), allowing to establish their provenance.
  2. A normal database records transactions, but it can be modified and it does not trace them.
  3. Digital provenance can allow for real time auditing, in which audits can be performed with no need of the physical presence of auditors and will be updated with no need of manual work by the auditors.
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#799

  1. You cannot manipulate any of the data regardless of the stage/phase it currently going through, and you can track back to any stage it been through to easily verify.

  2. Not all data is recorded, and even the one that does, there are chances that it isn’t 100% true

  3. Business owners won’t have to worry about the product being different from what they told it is. It removes the factor of “Trust” which actually saves a lot of resources and headaches, helps focusing on what really matters.

#800

How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
By providing an immutable record of transactions that can be checked by everybody.

Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
Because it might be manipulated by a hacker or database admin and because it is not publicly available.

Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
Because it makes auditing easier. Businesses don’t have to “open their books” and auditors don’t have to actually be present at a company to check everything. Also, auditing can be done at any time.

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#801

Hi1. Every transaction is set in stone and can be traced . There is no trust needed all transactions can be verified .

  1. A normal database doesn’t include all information in transactions . The ledger only goes as far as that specific transaction . You cannot trace the origin of every piece of that transaction .

  2. Digital provenance gives you instant access to audits . For a business it saves time , uncertainty, money , and allows you to be :100: certain of your transactions.

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#802

How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
Public ledger. Transactions are checked against a decentralized system of nodes.

  • Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
    Private ledgers can be edited. Fraud is easy when centralized.
  • Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
    Reduce cost by elimination of auditors. Can assess business health at anytime.
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#803

  1. Because nothing is ever deleted in a blockchain and the blockchain is easily auditable, the transactions in question can be traced from the beginning.

  2. Normal databases don’t have the checks and balances of the other nodes in a blockchain, and normal databases allow for removal of records.

  3. Digital provenance can eliminate the need for big auditing companies because with digital provenance, the auditing can be done more efficiently. Also in the case of recalls, traceability of bad batches of product can be very helpful.

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#804
  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
    Blockchain is an open yet secure online ledger that enables anyone to ad and track a transaction to it but not allow it to be removed.
  2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
    A normal database allows transactions to be removed or manipulated and ultimately you have to trust the information.
  3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
    It enables business to rely on trustless information and allows the supply chain to be accurately traced.
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#805
  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
    Blockchain enables digital Provenance by creating a trail of data from start of source to end of source.
  2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
    Regular databases can be manipulated due to trust.
  3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
    Businesses are able to verify instead of trusting.
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#806

1)Blockchain enables provenance by providing an immutable digital record of transactions. These transactions may be commercial or they may just be a chronological record of an object or agreement/contract. So you can use a blockchain to verify where an object has originated, its production history, the source of its components (if any), its ownership history, its condition over time, any modifications made to it etc. Because of the distributed nature of the records (there are highly numerous instances of the record), they become almost imposiible to alter. This means that we don’t have to trust the issuer/authority of any particular transaction, we can verify the authenticity of it by looking on the blockchain. Hence trustlessness.

  1. A normal database relies on a central point of authority for authentication. Thus we have to trust this authority and verification of it is extremely difficult, usually relying on further trust in other authoritative enties or third parties.

  2. Digital provenance is of great benefit to many businesses it enables them to know where their products have originated, whether ethical regulations were in place for their manufacture, transport, distribution etc. Also it often enables third party authorities to be eliminated from supply chains, increasing liquidity there.

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#807

1 - Blockchain enables digital provenance thanks to its transparency. Anyone can verify the public information on the ledger.

2 - A normal database doesn’t bring the same provenance as is usually not publicly available, it can be edited, and it may require to be combined with other databases to get the full picture.

3 - Digital Provenance would allow to remove trust issues withing business as they would be able to personally verify that all information are correct.

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#808

Homework on Provenance - Questions

  1. decentralized
  2. centralized
  3. open to public
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#809

  1. Because it is open and immutable.

  2. Because it is centralized.

3.It allows a realtime audit.

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#810

  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
    Blockchain is an immutable and trustless database/ledger containing all transactions ever made, allowing for traceability and providing an end-to-end audit trail.

  2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
    Normal databases are centralised i.e. a custodian/admin must is trusted with the data contained within the database. This 3rd party can potentially change transactions or even incorrectly maintain the database through human and/or system error.

  3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
    Auditing for any sort of organisation, whether financial or supply chain, is a massive and costly undertaking due to the external consultancy costs and large amount of reconciliation which needs to be completed. Even then, the audit is quite often not 100% accurate. Having a secure solution for digital provenance would greatly reduce these costs, while also increasing accuracy of transactions/supply chain.

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#811

  1. Blockchain enables digital provenance by providing a means to verify the information stored in the BC in a trustless manner. The network of computers that run the BC communicate with each other to audit and verify all information entering and running through the system.

  2. A normal database does not bring the same provenance as blockchain does due to its generally centralized nature. A database relies on the trust of the participant that the information on that database is true and not corrupted by the provider.

  3. Digital provenance is a benefit to many businesses by providing a means to prove to the users of its services that it is open and honest in its business. Whether it is verifying the ingredients in food or drugs, the opportunity to do so increases trust and reputation in the services that business provides.

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