Homework on Provenance - Questions

  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?

you cannot erase a transaction and you can track everything from the beginning which enables us to see where the transaction is coming from and going to.

  1. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?

A normal database can be manipulated as it comes from a central source.

  1. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?

It is trustless and genuine with real time auditing!

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  1. Blockchain enables digital provenance by allowing users to see all transactions ever made and where it started/came from.

  2. A normal database doesn’t bring the same provenance because the data cannot be manipulated by an outer source.

  3. Digital provenance is a great benefit to businesses because it is reliable, true, and efficient.

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1.How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
Block chain enables digital provenance by the ability that it has real time Auditing since block chain use Public ledger and by tracing origin of some product using block chain technology!
2.Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
since the Normal database doesn’t have distributed ledger and is central that is controlled by single person only!
3.Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?

in product supply chain with in block chain the origin and the ingredient of the product can be traced easily so on advantages!

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1.What does it mean when we say that in blockchain, consensus determine the truth?
Every Computer in blockchain read each other until the transaction is true when it become correct will be approved.

2.How is this different from how truth is determined in a central database?
It is different in that in decentralized blockchain the copy of distributed ledger will be checked again and again when it is found to be true, will be approved by the miners !

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  1. Blockchain enables digital provenance by creating a trust-less environment. Blockchain as distributed ledger technology allows real-time tracking of transactions without the possibility of removing any transactional data, which has already been stored on the Blockchain.

  2. ‘Normal’ databases are usually centralized - therefore it is possible to add, remove and manipulate data without the consensus of any other party involved. In the worst case - data can get lost or stolen. Blockchain provides immutability, which means that once data has been stored on the Blockchain it can not be erased or changed randomly, since it is stored on many different nodes (creating a distributed network). Every transaction is saved and can be traced back.

  3. Many businesses rely on central authorities/third-parties in order to ensure provenance - this is a service which requires time and money. Digital Provenance removes the necessity of a third-party to be involved, which means increased efficiency for businesses operating within various industries.

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  1. Through blockchain, digital provenance is achieved by having recorded, immutable information which can be tracked in succession on a particular object/transaction.
  2. Normal database have changeable parameters which may be changed/manipulated. This is not the case with blockchain digital provenance.
  3. Digital provenance is a great benefit as it removes the trusting aspect of business to business /or business to client. Accurate start to end and verified information is sent through the blockchain.
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1.Because data added to the blockchain cannot modified or erased.
2.Beacuse normal databases aren’t decentralised .
3.Digital ensure a more secure traceability of products

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  1. Blockchain uses mathematical and scientific methods in order to create undeniable public records.

  2. A normal database can be changed or edited, once something is forged in the blockchain, it cannot be undone and serves as a permanent record.

  3. Digital provenance can remove trust from many aspects of business which will result in fewer errors in many departments. Businesses will also be able to become more transparent about their operations which might attract more customers.

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  1. Provenance enables businesses to easily collate their data, along with open data, and also verify key information on an immutable data ledger called a blockchain. The blockchain holds the most important information and allows anyone to check its validity.
  2. Regular databases always have a central authority which means that there is a “god” in the system. The owner of the database might be corrupt and might alter some information for personal gain. If the central authority can do that, then the info shows no credibility.
  3. Digital provenance is a great benefit to many businesses because they do not have to rely on third parties to audit or access records or transactions - all the data is available openly in the blockchain. This historical transparency can also fight corruption & tax evasion and improve supply chain operations.
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1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
Everything is recorded and unchangeable. Since you can only add and not take away, it can not be manipulated. It also has to be verified by the network, so is not reliant on one person or company.

2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
A normal database is changeable and requires trusting the company or individual that their entries are truthful.

3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
Transparency. To make sure they know exactly what they are getting, and can pass this info along to their customers. Also important for accountability.

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  1. It allows for the collection of digital data on the public ledger so it can be validated by anyone

  2. Normal databases are mutable and can have their information easily updated. Additionally normal databases are governed by the entities that created them. The blockchain itself is immutable in that the existing transactions cannot be changed and only additional transactions can be added.

  3. It enables business to collect the most important data they need about their products (for example if a food item: location harvested from, time harvested, freshness, ingredients) and no longer have to trust that other parties are indeed delivering on their part. The business can now verify that this is the case.

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  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
    Everything is recorded on the database and you are unable to remove it. The information is in real time and there is no way to duplicate it. It must be verified by a network and is a public ledger.

  2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same as provenance?
    A normal database can be manipulated and requires trust coupled with an auditing process.

  3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
    Digital provenance is such a great benefit because you do not have to have a third party perform audits to prove the accuracy of the information. With blockchain the data is available, easy to verify, and shows in real time.

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  1. A blockchain is a transparent ledger, showing all of its transactions that are verified by many other computers. Meaning it is extremely difficult to fake the data.

  2. A normal database is centralized and not freely accessible by everyone. It could be altered and no one would be able to verify it’s previous state. Meaning the data it contains cannot be 100% trusted.

  3. Data is readily available and can be trusted/verified and can eliminate the need to get information from slower and less trustworthy sources like mail for taxes. Many tasks like accounting, tracking products or nutritional values can be done more efficiently and accurately.

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  1. Blockchain uses a public ledger or a decentralized network of computers to enable digital provenance.

  2. A normal database is not trustless and requires you to believe or “trust” someone is acting fairly and honestly. In a normal database most of the time only certain people are allowed to view the database and it is not open to the public and can be manipulated in some cases.

  3. Digital provenance is great because it makes things more transparent. This can lead to more honesty among people and promote a more honest and fair market. This would also allow businesses to keep track of every ingredient that goes fueling their business.

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Homework Answers:
How does blockchain enable digital provenance?

Blockchain enables digital provenance by providing several key capabilities that result in verification of trust (removing the requirement of trust between entities in the world). The first capability is providing the ledger to be able to track the origin of something. The second is to provide the capability to have the ledger immutable so that it can’t be copied, changed or forged in anyway. And, of course, the capability to have a network verify the authenticity of something ensures a decentralized approach is taken to validate the ledger is real. Combined, a source ledger that is immutable and decentralized enables digital provenance.

Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?

Other kinds of “normal” databases are missing key capabilities such as immutability, decentralization or having multiple layers in separate capabilities that aren’t unified or combined and or can’t exchange with one another to prevent a reliable digital provenance like blockchain does. The example regarding the separation of accounting and financial transactions might be stored in real life in 2 databases - one for document storage (invoices/checks…etc.) and another for transactions (ledger accounting).

Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?

Digital provenance is such a great benefit to many businesses because it provides a paradigm to be certain about the origin of something that can be put within a blockchain such as transactions, documents and any other digitalized information. This allows for trust in the ecosystem rather than relationship’s, which is especially important when interacting with a new business or customer.

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How does blockchain enable digital provenance?

A traditional blockchain is immutable i.e. we can only add new data, we cannot alter old data.

Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?

Normal databases can be altered.

Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?

It enables us to track with confidence entities as they move through a process, such as the origin of materials through a supply chain.

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  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?

    Due to it’s decentralized, you can’t edit or manipulate it only add new registries

  2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?

    Because it is centralized and anyone can edit or manipulate it

  3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?

    Because you can verify and track all the transactions inside the blockchain and that make an extra trust layer to the business.

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1 - It’s descentralized; the data is public; data can only be added, not upgraded nor deleted. Therefore we have digital provenance!

2 - A normal database is controled by a central authority; usually in normal database, data can be added, deleted or even upgraded, so the central authority can easily modify data at will. For that, you obviously they lack provenance.

3 - It’s great because trust is not needed anymore, they can just confirm or not confirm some transaction for example, or can be sure that the data that is contained on the database is real

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Homework on Provenance - Answers

  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
    By providing the possibility of tracking every single transaction in real-time.

  2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
    Because the blockchain provides verification of each transaction which makes the system trustless.

  3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
    Because it provides the possibility to track every single component from its sources in a trustless and verifiable manner.

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  1. How does blockchain enable digital provenance?
    Blockchain enables digital provenance by functioning as a decentralized public ledger. Once the data is verified and accepted into the blockchain it cannot be edited or removed.

  2. Why doesn’t a normal database bring the same provenance?
    Normal databases are centralized and are able to be edited by controlling authorities.

  3. Why is digital provenance such a great benefit to many businesses?
    It allows the companies to be more transparent and give assurance to their partners and customers without the need of a 3rd party entity.

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