Homework - Mempool - Answers
- What is the mempool?
A mempool is a pooled list of unconfirmed transactions held by nodes (after checking validity) and passed around after being initiated by the wallet till they are confirmed by a mining node by being placed into a block on the blockchain.
- What happens if the miners can’t keep up with the rate of the new transaction?
The collective mempool increases in size as fewer transactions are confirmed while more unconfirmed transactions arrive to be processed.
- How does a growing mempool affect transaction fees?
The miners are financially incentivised to add the most profitable transactions first. When choosing the transactions to add to the next block, the miner considers the limited size of the block to be added. Knowing this, the miner is financially incentivised to achieve the highest satoshi/byte (sat/B) as in the Bitcoin world this is what corresponds to value per unit of size. For transactions of the same size, he/she will choose to include the simple transactions first (e.g. 1 input to 1 output) as their simplicity means that the transaction data size is smaller than a multi-input to multi-output transaction data size. When this situation is intensified by a growing mempool of waiting unconfirmed transactions, the miner will likewise select the higher fee transactions. So it is see that, without alternatives, fees will rise for most transactions as users compete for quick confirmation of their transactions.