In a central database, the truth is variable, meaning that the truth is set by one entity/person, it can also be changer unilaterally. This implies trust from user of the database.
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- What does it mean when we say that in blockchain, consensus determine the truth?
Confirmation from multiple nodes verify the block. Any false or deceitful transactions are ignored, thus you have a truthful chain. - How is this different from how truth is determined in a central database?
Those operating a central database can add or delete anything they want without it being public knowledge, this requires a high amount of trust from others.
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- Multiple validators are incentivized to find the truth, which needs to match other available data.
- Data maintained by a single authority is easier to corrupt and requires trust.
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What does it mean when we say that in blockchain, consensus determine the truth?
A group of servers on the network reach a consensus on whether a transaction is valid or invalid. -
How is this different from how truth is determined in a central database?
A central database is the only arbitrator in the decision making and we have to trust it. In blockchain, a decentralized group of servers is used to verify the truth and remove trust.
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What does it mean when we say that in blockchain, consensus determine the truth?
When multiple nodes (the majority) agree on accepting a certain transaction, it will be regarded as the truth and added to the blockchain, if not it will be ignored.
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How is this different from how truth is determined in a central database?
In a central database, the people or the single authority controlling the database, can edit and alter the data in whatever way they like and present it as their truth. This is not possible on a blockchain with a good consensus mechanism
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The Ledger is public, all nodes in the network get a copy and can verify all past transactions for future actions. Nodes come to a consensus if a request is true or false and agree to accept or reject.
A central database can be manipulated requiring extensive audits. Blind trust in accuracy is expected.
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1.What does it mean when we say that in blockchain, consensus determine the truth?
Consensus determine the truth because in bitcoin blockchain we have a network of node’s and every node has copy of the blockchain (database) and when new transaction comes they have to decide whether it is true or not, the decision comes from decentralised parties and not from 1 single party so every party(node) has to propose the truth and reach consensus in between each other in order to validate the transaction because other node’s has the true information and can verify the truth.
2.How is this different from how truth is determined in a central database?
Its difference from central database is that there’s 1 central party which has the (private) information from which they validate whether the transaction is true or not and therefore can be manipulated.
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- Consensus within the blockchain is determined when everyone in the network agrees or validates a particular transaction. It is not controlled by any single authority.
- In a central database, a centralised authority is likely to add, edit, modify the transactions.
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- All the computers in a blockchain verify the transactions and all have to agree between them before authorising the transactions. The truth is established because of these layers of verifications before a consensus is reached by all the computers in the blockchain.
- In a central database, the transactions are not trackable and checkable and can be modified so the truth could be violated and cannot be established.
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- When we say that blockchain determines the truth we mean that we have to come to a single agreement in order for it to actually be true.
- This is different from a central data base because in a centralized databased the so called “truth” comes from a single agreement by a single authority instead of a whole unanimous decision.
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Homework on Consensus - Questions
- What does it mean when we say that in blockchain, consensus determine the truth?
The network verifies whether to add or discard the inputed transaction by achieving consensus. If the majority of the network confirms the transaction it is added to the ledger and verified as true. - How is this different from how truth is determined in a central database?
A central database can have information or transactions added that may not necessarily be verified, unless it is caught it might slip through. Truth can also be determined by the governing authority, allowing the database to be altered if left unchecked. By offering incentives and achieving consensus by the network, truth cannot be altered without verification in a decentralized blockchain. Like a “digital stone” the blockchain can only be added to and not removed achieving immutability.
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- Because the network, the nodes, will verify if the transaction comes from someone with funds to spend and if everyone agrees.
2.A central database can be changed anytime, a blockchain after the transaction becomes verified its immutable.
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The computers’ network has to agree the data is valid and should be accepted or included in the blockchain, or not correct and not included. With consensus, at all times, decisions are made together regarding the information which is present or what is not present as truth.
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A central database has data, but the data contained isn’t trustless. It lacks decentralization and independent validation via consensus, a big part of trustlessness. The central database could be cheating, a lie, an untruth. However, it is difficult to cheat or lie because of consensus when everything needs to be mathematically validated, verified by computers’ decentralized network.
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The blockchain network of computers each have an incentive to work together in agreement, all decisions are doubled checked by more than one party to be verified before being added to the blockchain providing a trustless ecosystem.
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Centralised networks have much less support to verify transactions which opens the chance of incorrect data being stored in the system. If one point fails how do we trust the information.
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What does it mean when we say that in blockchain, consensus determine the truth?
Truth is derived from a consistent narrative agreed by all (or majority) nodes participating in the network. With this system, truth is not dictated centrally by a governing body. -
How is this different from how truth is determined in a central database?
Central Databases are administered by appointed individuals. The administrators in the system, solely have the ability to determine whether:
- the data is true or not,
- ability to make changes unchecked and
- overall full visibility of the database
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Consensus means all the parties agree on blockchain information being valid, because information can be verified. This is, it allows the information to be trustless.
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In a central database the owner can cheat as its objectives may not be aligned with the reader of that database. Through consensus mechanism, there is a financial incentive that aligns all participants interests.
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In the blockchain, the “truth” is determined by the network participants as every transaction is verified by multiple sources before being accepted as final. Therefore a group decides the truth rather than an individual.
In a centralized database, each database user (with write permission) is entrusted to be a source of truth more or less.
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1.) There have to be always a collective aggreement for validation the block and therefore all participants has to play with the same rules. And they will because everyone can see what every single part is doing. Its an information network!
2.)Owners can always corrupt Databases and normally its not possible to look behind the certain! and when theres no obligation to save the data right! Like in the new past the case with Wirecard. This thing has not happend when we stored the data on blockchain!
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- That if the most people of all agreed to something, this is the truth!
- It only needs to dissed it the central authority, and thats it.
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Since there are so many nodes - a false transaction coming from one (or even a bunch of) nodes cannot override the rest of the network. So you cannot write false information into the ledger because you cannot control more nodes than there already are.
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It’s calculated by an entire world full of copies of the truth
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