- With Bitcoin, there are no coins at all. What we have are UTXOs which are Unspent Transactions. These are balances that have been received in your wallet that you have not spent. That’s where you spend or sign transactions from.
- If you don’t have any single UTXO that is large enough to cover for your transaction, your transaction output will return invlalid, you won’t be able to spend.
- The transaction fee is specified by finding the difference between your UTXO and the amount you want to spend.
- When there is a transaction output from your wallet, you can actually send some transaction back to your address created from the same wallet, and there is no way anyone will know, because addresses are anonymous. Meaning they are public but there is no way anyone can see who the owner is. So this increases Privacy.
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UTXO’s are unspent outputs of previous transactions.
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The transaction will not confirm and be rejected.
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The wallet checks the transaction fees to calculate the balance.
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By sending the output to multiple wallets.
- A UTXO keeps track of your unspent transaction.
- The transaction would not go through.
- It would be determined by what is best market value at the time to have a reasonably fast transaction processed.
- It generates anonymous addresses that can’t be tracked back to yourself.
Bitcoin Tranaction UTXO (unspent transaction output)
1 UTXO are a series of values a wallet collects from the blockchain to give you your balance
2 It does not matter the value of a single UTXO it’s the aggregate of all UTXO on your wallet that counts, if that value is less than required – Blockcain says NO
3 The wallets looks at the blockchain and the last few transactions fees and submits them back to you
4 To increase privacy you could send existing UXTO from a known wallet to a different or multiple wallets which are unknown, hardware device, paper wallet
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Describe what Unspent Transaction Outputs (UTXO) are.
UTXOs are outputs of confirmed transactions to a wallet. They are classed as unspent until such time as the wallet creates a new transaction which draws down from them. The wallet will sum these UTXOs to provide the wallet’s balance. -
What would happen if you don’t have any single UTXO that is large enough to cover for your transaction?
The wallet will use multiple UTXOs to cover the transaction and any residue will be sent back to the wallet. -
How would a bitcoin wallet specify the transaction fee when creating a transaction?
The wallet calculates the difference between the inputs and the outputs to arrive at the fee. -
How could you use the notion of transaction inputs and outputs to increase privacy in your transaction?
You can send transaction residues to multiple addresses that you control.
- UTXO tells you your total balance based on the blockchains history of bitcoin sent to you.
- The transaction would not happen
- It’s total of inputs minus the total of the outputs
- You can mix your coins with other people with wasabi wallet
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Describe what Unspent Transaction Outputs (UTXO) are.
UTXOs are the amount that is in your wallet and will be the input of the next transaction. -
What would happen if you don’t have any single UTXO that is large enough to cover for your transaction?
The transaction will not be validated if the UTXO is not large enough to cover it. -
How would a bitcoin wallet specify the transaction fee when creating transaction?
The UTXXO minus UTXO input equals the fee -
How could you use the notion of transaction inputs and outputs to increase privacy in you transaction?
Several addresses and outputs can result from one input.
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UTXO is unspent transaction outputs, basically the fund that your private key can control. Those are balances that your private key can control to create the next transaction.
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It can use 2 UTXOs to construct the next transaction’s input and the change can be sent back to an address that your private key can control and be used for other transaction future.
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It will be evaluated based on the current fee of the network by looking at the fee from the current block as the miners always looks for the higher fee’s transaction to be used to construct the next block. The wallet is then supposed to propose the fee that can reasonably fast to get your transaction sent.
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As there is no concept of account in bitcoin, the UTXO that a private key can controlled is not known to others. Even when transaction happen for the address that your private key controls, you can always send it to another address that your private key control without people realizing it. There is no way to tell whether the bigger amount is actually sent to others or it’s back to the address that you control by just looking at one transaction.
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UXTO’s is bitcoin in your wallet that has not been spent.
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The transaction will be rejected.
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The fee is generated by subtracting the input from the output.
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Generate new outputs and only use them once.
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- An unspent transaction output is the total amount of currency available in a wallet. When a transaction is sent, the whole amount gets put on the blockchain, and the user is able to send currency back to themselves.
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- Your wallet will add your other UTXOs until it can cover the transaction. If you do not have enough in total, it will be rejected by the blockchain.
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- By subtracting the output from the input. The fee is implied. The larger the fee, the higher the chance miners will prioritise it. The fee does not depend on the amount sent, it depends on network conditions at the time and the data size of the transaction. Some wallets use dynamic fees, where the wallet will calculate the appropriate fee for your transaction taking into account work conditions and size and give you options of priority and regular fee.
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- By creating multiple transactions to the same senders and receivers it is harder to trace who the senders and receivers are as all the public keys are hashed.
1. Describe what Unspent Transaction Outputs (UTXO) are.
These are unspent bitcoins that are controlled by the wallet (private key), ie it’s balance.
2. What would happen if you don’t have any single UTXO that is large enough to cover for your transaction?
The transaction would be unfeasible.
3. How would a bitcoin wallet specify the transaction fee when creating a transaction?
TX fee = inputs - outputs
4. How could you use the notion of transaction inputs and outputs to increase privacy in your transaction?
Due to the encryption, it is impossible to know which transaction went to a third party and which one went back to you.
- The amount of bitcoins a particular wallet has available to spend.
- Combine multiple UTXOs.
- Inputs = Outputs + Fee.
- Use different/multiple addresses for outputs.
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UTXOs are “coins” that you have received and are now allocated to your wallet. As the name impliese, these are transactions that you haven’t spent yet.
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If one UTXO is not enough for a single transaction you want to make, you can send several UTXO that together have at least the same amount you want to send. The wallet will send any leftover UTXOs back to your address or another address that you own.
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A wallet will query a node about the recent fees used in transactions and calculate an amount that will get your transaction added to the next block in a reasonable amount of time. With many wallets you can also pick your own fee and prioritize speed or cost. Your output is the same as the recipient’s input plus fees.
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Not sure what the question is referring to, but you can use a mixer or simply send your transaction to various addresses.
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UTXOs are transactions not spent by the wallet. The wallet will query the blockchain of any UTXOs that are associated with the wallet’s private key and tally the balance so that the wallet can spend them if wanted.
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Normally, the wallet will add every single insufficient UTXOs together in order to pay for the transaction. However, if the wallet does not have total sufficient UTXOs , the transaction will be denied.
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Most wallets will have option to specify the transaction fees that we may want to pay. Miners will always select the transaction with the highest fees first. Lower fees mean longer confirmation time.
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Use another public key address ? I have come across but dont know how it is used.
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Your saldo on the blockchain.
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my wallet will use more UTXO’s to cover the amount needed and send the change back.
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The fee is not specified . It’s the discrepancy between input and output
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“Scrambling” by using many inputs and outputs in one TX.
Describe what Unspent Transaction Outputs (UTXO) are.
Unspent Transactions are funds that have been sent to your Wallet
that you have not used yet, or funds you have sent to someone else
that they have not used yet.
What would happen if you don’t have any single UTXO that is large enough to cover for your transaction?
The transaction will not be validated by the network
How would a bitcoin wallet specify the transaction fee when creating a transaction?
The wallet will query the network for a generally agreed upon txn fee to get your
txn processed by the blockchain relatively fast. Then to determine the fee charged you subtract
txn output from txn input.
How could you use the notion of transaction inputs and outputs to increase privacy in your transaction?
Generate new addresses for receive transactions and send to a few different output addresses which could all point back to you.
- utxo’s are the record of spendable bitcoin you have, the results of previous transactions.
- the transaction would be rejected by the network.
- by observing previous transaction fees.
1- Are transactions that has been sent to an address and that address didn’t spent it.
2- You wouldn’t be able to make the transaction.
3- By either letting you choose how much you want it to be, or just automatically choosing the best fee that will get your transaction done by an average time.
4- by putting a lot of outputs and inputs to make it very hard to track which one went from or your address.
1.the total amount of inputs in a transaction is your utxo but when u send you have to equal the total amount of inputs as you do for outputs
2. your transaction would get declined
3. the difference of inputs and outputs
4.by generating new addresses so that its hard to tell which output go back to the sender
1. Describe what Unspent Transaction Outputs (UTXO) are.
Unspent transaction outputs (UTXOs) are unspent transactions recorded within the blockchain, but associated to a particular wallet address private key (PK).
2. What would happen if you don’t have any single UTXO that is large enough to cover for your transaction?
The wallet will search the blockchain for UTXOs associated to your wallet PK and combine sufficient UTXOs together to create the necessary BTC funds to complete the transaction. UTXOs must spend the complete input transaction value with funds which are left over from the transaction returning to the blockchain as UTXOs managed the wallet’s PK.
3. How would a bitcoin wallet specify the transaction fee when creating a transaction?
Miners are rewarded for completing the blockchain transaction via a transaction fee. Miners select UTXOs which provide the highest level of reward (transaction fee). The wallet calculates the associated miner transaction fee based on previous historical confirmed UTXOs managed by the blockchain miners. This is achieve by the wallet automatically checking the UTXO transaction fee associated with similar sized confirmed UTXOs and proposing a transaction fee which rewards the miners for their effort to facilitate access into the blockchain. Else the miner will ignore the transaction.
4. How could you use the notion of transaction inputs and outputs to increase privacy in your transaction?
By outputting the remaining UTXOs to a new wallet address so there is no association between the input (where the BTC came from) and the associated output addresses. Therefore, how the UTXOs are returned to the original owner is unknown because there is no association between the UTXO input & outputs.
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