Homework on Bitcoin Ecosystem - Questions

An SPV doesn’t have a copy of a blockchain, but it can interact with a full node and query the data.

The transaction is propagated through the nodes, and becomes part of the mempool.

Miners pick based on transaction fee.

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  1. SPV is a small node that rely on a full node to get data from the blockchain to send Txs. for example a mobile phone which cannot store data of the blockchain.

  2. Transactions are sent to all the nodes of the network from a wallet.

  3. Since Miners are incentivized with fees and each block has a limited size they’ll get the one with the highest fee in correlation with transaction size.

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  1. What is the difference between a SPV (simplified payment verification) and a full node?
    The full node has the full blockchain and uses a lot of storage, and the SPV from for example a mobile phone queries a node for information on a part of the blockchain.

  2. What does it mean when a transaction is broadcasted?
    When a wallet makes a transaction, it gets broadcasted, meaning it is sent to the nearest nodes and this nodes subsequently retransmit it.

  3. How does a miner pick which transactions that gets added to the next block?
    They normally pick the ones with the highest fees from the mempool.

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  1. An SPV is a node that does not contain the entire copy of the blockchain just a portion usually on a device such as a smartphone. A full node contains the an entire version of the blockchain locally to verify and validate blocks as well as add new versions of the blockchain into the mempool.
  2. The transaction is sent to all available nodes for confirmation
  3. Miners pick transactions that have the highest fees to get added to the next block.
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1.spv is a small node that queries the full node to assume this is probably the correct version on the blockchain to use, trusts the full node.
2.A node starts a new transaction propagating it through the network into the mempool.
3. By guessing the nonce less than the target and placing the transactions with the highest transaction fees into their block to recieve the highest reward.

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[quote=“ivan, post:1, topic:8444”]

  • What is the difference between a SPV (simplified payment verification) and a full node?
    –SPV are a type of wallet that only has a set amount of data that corresponds to their respective addresses, whereas the full node contains all the transactions in the blockchain.
  • What does it mean when a transaction is broadcasted?
    –When a transaction is broadcasted that means it is confirmed and propagated to the whole network and every node can see that transaction as valid.
  • How does a miner pick which transactions that gets added to the next block?
    –The transactions with the highest fees are the transactions that determine if a miner will pick them or not.
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  1. A wallet using the SPV strategy requires a relationship with a full node or group of full nodes for knowledge of the status and state of the blockchain to verify transactions and produce transactions.

  2. To broadcast a transaction is to manage your private key and sign a transaction such that the bitcoin network can act on it. Only knowledge of the proper format and communications with a node on the network is required … via smoke signals if required.

  3. Miners pick the transactions they want to work with from the mempool based on their own self-interest and the SATOSHI’s per byte that transactions are willing to pay. It’s strickly pay by weight or size of transactions for miners. What’s in it for them? Incentives or Death.

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a spv is not a full node and looks to a node to get the latest version of the bitcoin blockchain

when a transaction gets broadcasted it means that nodes need to pick them up and put them in the mem pool after they have been propagated around the network

miners pick the transactions with the highest mining fee

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  1. As opposed to full nodes, SPVs do not store the entire blockchain. SPVs rely on the full nodes they are connect to in order to get and verify transactions they are interested in.

2.A transaction is broadcasted when it is sent by a wallet to the network. The transaction will then be propagated to all the nodes of the network.

  1. A miner constructs a new block by selecting a set of transactions from the mempool. Blocks have a limited size, so if there are too much transactions into the mempool, transactions with the highest fees (sats/byte) will be picked first.
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  1. An SPV does not have a full copy of the blockchain, and communicates with a full node when it receives and sends transactions.

  2. A transaction is broadcasted when it is added to the mempool

  3. A miner will usually add transactions to a block that have the highest transaction fees

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SPVs do not have the full version of the block-chain, only the headers. They can use the headers to verify that a transaction is included in a block using the merkle-tree-root hash in the header (I do not understand how this reverse searching through a hash works.) They would also need to be able to some UTXOs belonging to an address or have a full node do it for them. (But then they’d be trusting the node without verification)

A wallet or SPV sends a signed transaction to all nodes (nearby? with low latency?). Nodes than re-broadcast the transactions in their mempool to each other.

I think however he wants, but usually the ones with the most fees attached get picked up first.

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  1. Full node has a complete copy of the blockchain, while a SPV does not. SPVs are typically apps that need to query the full node to interact with the blockchain.
  2. A transaction is broadcasted when it begins to propagate into nodes and moves into the mempool where it waits for a miner to add it to a block.
  3. Miners are incentivized to usually select those transactions with the highest fees so they maximize sat/B ratio.
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  1. What is the difference between a SPV (simplified payment verification) and a full node?
    SPV’s do not have a complete copy of the blockchain and depend on a node that it can query to view the blockchain.
  2. What does it mean when a transaction is broadcasted?
    The transaction will be put into mempool and then spread by the nodes across the network until it is picked up by a miner who will put it in a block.
  3. How does a miner pick which transactions that gets added to the next block?
    Miners will picks transactions with the highest fees
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It doesn’t work in reverse, the way you proove a tx hash is part of the merkle root is by getting the merkle proof, that can then be used to recalculate the merkle root, without reconstructing the entire tree.
For example you have a tree like this:

If you want to get the proof for transaction B you only need to recalculate hashes H1, H2, continue up the tree with H6, H7 to get H9 and then calculate the root using H9 and H10.
So basically the proof only consists of hashes H1, H2, H6, H7, H9, H10 and the root.

Notice that to prove the tx is part of the tree the rest of the hashes are not required, you can recalculate the root without reconstructing the entire tree. :slight_smile:

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  • What is the difference between a SPV (simplified payment verification) and a full node?
    A full node has a copy of the entire blockchain, SPV only keeps a small subset and must communicate with full node to submit a transaction
  • What does it mean when a transaction is broadcasted?
    A transaction is submitted to the network and added to the mempool
  • How does a miner pick which transactions that gets added to the next block?
    Miners pick the transactions with greatest fees from mempool to add to the next block to get the greatest reward.
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SPV:s can’t handle the whole blockchain, unlike full nodes. A SPV like a mobile wallet uses a full node or a number of full nodes so that it can stay updated about incoming and outgoing transactions.
Broadcasting means to inform all nodes in the network about transactions.
A miner is incentivised to pick transactions with large transactions fees. Other than that, miners can juggle different combinations of transactions in their efforts to find a winning nonce.

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An SPV is like a light node. It is not a complete version of the blockchain. These must use full nodes to get remaining utxo data.
If a transaction has been broadcasted it means it has been sent to all other nodes and propagated to the network.
Miners always choose transactions with the highest fees.

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  1. SPV is most likely used in a small device like a phone, and does not store all the information that a full node. Does not have a full copy of the blockchain
  2. A UTXO is broadcast by a node into the mempool
  3. They will usually try and pick the highest sat/byte ratio and… Make sure it fits into the block
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  1. A SPV doesn’t have the full version of the Blockchain (These are mainly used in Smartphones and Computers), while the full node has the entire blockchain stored in it.
  2. The meaning of a transaction is broadcasted is that the sender has signed the transaction using his private keys and has pushed it out to the mempool of a node or several nodes.
  3. The miner is incentivized to pick transactions that are have an UTXO previously and also transactions that have high transaction fees.
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1- The difference is that an SPV does not have an entire copy of the blockchain and in order to access it it has to connect to a Node. An example of this would be when you access through the cell phone.

2- It means that it is valid and was accepted by the nodes so it is included in the Mempool to later be incorporated into the Blockchain by the miners.

3- The incentive for miners is economical, so they will choose the transactions that pay the highest fees.

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