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Homework on Bitcoin Ecosystem - Questions
1) What is the difference between a SPV (simplified payment verification) and a full node?
The difference between a SPV (Simplified Payment Verification node) aka Minor Node and a Full Node is that an SPV node does not have a direct copy of the blockchain transactions; therefore it needs to constantly bounce around and connect to full nodes in order to check and verify the transactions on the blockchain. It will keep checking until it gets the payment verification from a full node. The full node has the entire copy of the blockchain to directly check and verify the stored transactions and transmit it to the SPV node.
Nodes are a critical component of a blockchain’s infrastructure. Without nodes, a blockchain’s data would not be accessible. You could say that nodes are the blockchain.
2) What does it mean when a transaction is broadcasted?
When a miner attempts to add a new block of transactions to the blockchain, it broadcasts the block to all the nodes on the network. Based on the block’s validity of signatures and transactions, nodes can accept or reject the block. When a node accepts a new block of transactions, it saves and stores and chain’s it to the rest of the blocks it already has stored. Essentially –
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Nodes check if a block of transactions is valid and accept or reject it.
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Nodes save and store blocks of transactions (storing a copy of the blockchain transaction history).
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Nodes broadcast and spread this transaction history to other nodes that may need to be updated the transaction history with the blockchain.
3) How does a miner pick which transactions that gets added to the next block?
Once the Mempool start to overload the Miners will check for the lucrative fees from the current “transaction waiting list” in order to start confirming transaction as priority and if the mempool eaches full capacity, the nodes start prioritising transactions by setting up a minimal transaction fee threshold. Transactions with a fee-rate lower than the thresholds are immediately removed from the Mempool and only new transactions with a large enough fee are allowed access to the Mempool. Hence the miner favour the higher fees.