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The benefits of setting the ERC20 standard for tokens are: efficiency for exchanges and wallets, standardized code makes it easier for programmers to use new tokens.
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These are the functions that are in the ERC20 Token Standard Interface:
totalsupply() : equals the sum of all balances
balanceOf() : provides the number of tokens held by a given address
transfer() : transfers a number of tokens directly from the message sender to another address
transferFrom() : enables smart contract to move funds from A to B.
doSomething() : execute instruction
approve() : approval from token holder
allowance() : number of allowed tokens to transferred