Why is it important to encrypt your wallet?
The wallet contains private keys therefore it should be encrypted. Private keys allow spending the associated bitcoins.
What is the risk of not having a password if an attacker gets access to your file system?
If no password is set in Bitcoin Qt and assuming your hard drive and back-up system are encrypted then the only protection against theft of your btc is the login password of your computer.
This is the password you type in coffee shops while being recorded by CCTV.
Apparently it is possible to use Bitcoin Qt with a hardware wallet.
https://hwi.readthedocs.io/en/latest/examples/bitcoin-core-usage.html#
I have not tried and it looks somewhat tricky. Has anyone tried it?